The Tongue Base in Respiration and Swallowing

呼吸和吞咽的舌根

• 批准号: 10456055
• 负责人: Zijun Liu
• 金额: $ 33.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-05 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10456055
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Adipose tissue; Affect; Air Movements; Anatomy; Anesthesia procedures; Animal Model; Articulation; Barium swallow; Behavior; Biology; Bolus Infusion; Cancer Patient; Collagen; Complex; Deglutition; Deglutition Disorders; Diet; Esophagus; Family suidae; Functional disorder; Glossectomy; Histologic; Histology; Hyoid Muscle; Hypoglossal nerve structure; Infiltration; Ingestion; Jaw; Knowledge; Larynx; Light; Link; Macroglossia; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mastication; Measures; Morbidity - disease rate; Morphology; Motor; Muscle; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Fibers; Muscle function; Natural regeneration; Obesity; Obstructive Sleep Apnea; Operative Surgical Procedures; Oral cavity; Oropharyngeal; Oropharyngeal disorders; Outcome; Pharyngeal structure; Physiological; Population; Recovery of Function; Respiration; Respiration Disorders; Respiratory Airflow; Risk; Roentgen Rays; Role; Skeletal Muscle; Soft Palate; Solid; Stimulus; Structure; Surgical Injuries; Symptoms; System; Thinness; Time; Tissues; Tongue; Trauma; Vascular blood supply; Work; cancer therapy; drinking; elastography; functional outcomes; healing; in vivo; kinematics; malignant mouth neoplasm; malignant tongue neoplasm; mortality; motor behavior; myogenesis; nerve supply; neuromuscular; public health relevance; regeneration potential; relating to nervous system; repaired; reparative capacity; response; satellite cell; stem cell population; success; tongue root; tongue volume; treatment strategy; ultrasound; vocalization; wound healing

Project Description The base of the tongue (posterior to the terminal sulcus) is anatomically, physiologically, and functionally distinct from its body (from the sulcus to the tip). Whereas the tongue body subserves drinking, ingestion, mastication, and articulation, the tongue base is part of the pharynx and controls the entrances of the larynx and esophagus during respiration, swallowing, and vocalization. The tongue base is the primary locus for adipose tissue accumulation in the oropharyngeal region, and its resultant volumetric increase is likely a major player in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a serious breathing disorder affecting 20% of the population with significant morbidity and mortality. The tongue base is also subject to conditions that decrease its volume, such as surgical volumetric reduction (partial glossectomy) to ameliorate OSA, and more commonly to treat oral cancer patients. Since the tongue base is where all extrinsic tongue muscles insert, adipose tissue accumulation may not only increase its volume, but interfere with muscle contraction, affecting its ability to stabilize the oropharyngeal airway and changing its kinematics in respiration and swallowing. It is unknown how the tongue base and other oropharyngeal structures respond to these volumetric changes and to what extent the tongue tissues are capable of regeneration after surgical injury or infiltration of adipose tissue. Indeed, our understanding of the tongue base is very rudimentary compared to knowledge of the tongue body and other skeletal muscles. The present application builds on our previous work in studying the tongue body in a large-animal model, the miniature pig. Herein we propose to investigate the functional (respiration and swallowing) and morphological (spatial configuration of oropharynx) consequences of the volumetric alteration of the tongue base and to elucidate its reparative capacity through a study of its stem cell population - satellite cells. The overall hypothesis is that volumetric increase of the tongue base aids swallowing at the expense of oropharyngeal airway patency whereas volumetric decrease has the opposite effects. Further, we will establish the potential for myogenic repair of the tongue base by assessing its satellite cells in comparison to other skeletal muscles, and link these regenerative potentials to functional outcomes. The 1st Aim is to ascertain how tongue base behavior subserves respiration and swallowing; the 2nd Aim is to evaluate how tongue base volumetric changes affect respiration, swallowing, and the oropharyngeal space; and the 3rd Aim is to assess healing after volumetric changes of the tongue base and to establish whether satellite cells in the tongue base enable myogenesis to repair muscle function. The overall hypothesis is that volumetric increase of the tongue base aids swallowing at the expense of oropharyngeal airway patency whereas volumetric decrease has the opposite effects. The outcomes will lead to new understanding of how the tongue base participates in oropharyngeal function and dysfunction, and provide new knowledge about its muscle biology, wound healing, and functional recovery, which will help clinicians to develop better treatment strategies for oral cancers, OSA, and other oropharyngeal disorders.

项目说明 舌根(位于末端沟的后方)在解剖、生理和功能上是 有别于它的身体(从沟到顶端)。而舌体则从属于饮酒、摄取、 咀嚼和发音，舌根是咽部的一部分，控制着喉部和 呼吸、吞咽和发声时的食道。舌根是脂肪的主要部位 口咽部的组织堆积和由此导致的体积增加可能是 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)，一种严重的呼吸紊乱，影响20%的人口 发病率和死亡率。舌根也会受到减小其体积的条件的影响，例如 手术体积缩小(部分舌体切除)以改善OSA，更常用于治疗口腔癌 病人。由于舌根是所有外在舌肌的连接处，脂肪组织积聚可能 不仅增加其体积，而且干扰肌肉收缩，影响其稳定肌肉的能力 口咽呼吸道及其在呼吸和吞咽过程中的运动学变化。尚不清楚舌头是如何 基底部和其他口咽结构对这些体积变化的反应以及舌头的反应程度 手术损伤或脂肪组织渗入后，组织能够再生。的确，我们的 与舌体和其他方面的知识相比，对舌根的理解是非常初级的 骨骼肌。目前的应用是建立在我们之前研究大型动物舌体的工作基础上的 模特，迷你猪。在此，我们建议研究功能性(呼吸和吞咽)和 舌根体积改变的形态(口咽的空间形态)后果 并通过对其干细胞群体--卫星细胞的研究来阐明其修复能力。整体而言 假说是舌根的体积增大有助于吞咽，但损害了口咽的呼吸道。 通畅度与体积减少的影响相反。此外，我们将建立肌源性的潜能 通过与其他骨骼肌比较评估其卫星细胞来修复舌根，并将这些连接起来 对功能结果的再生潜力。第一个目标是确定舌根行为是如何起作用的。 呼吸和吞咽；第二个目标是评估舌根体积变化如何影响呼吸， 吞咽，口咽间隙；第三个目标是评估容量变化后的愈合情况。 并确定舌根中的卫星细胞是否能够使肌肉生成修复肌肉 功能。总体假设是，舌根体积的增加有助于吞咽，但代价是 口咽气道通畅，而容量减少则有相反作用。结果将导致 对舌根如何参与口咽功能和功能障碍的新理解，并提供 关于其肌肉生物学、伤口愈合和功能恢复的新知识，这将有助于临床医生 为口腔癌、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征和其他口咽部疾病制定更好的治疗策略。