"Plasma and cellular immune biomarkers of Kaposi's sarcoma in HIV-1 suppressed patients"

“HIV-1 抑制患者中卡波西肉瘤的血浆和细胞免疫生物标志物”

• 批准号: 10650452
• 负责人: Salum Juma Lidenge
• 金额: $ 9.93万
• 依托单位: MUHIMBILI UNIVERSITY/ ALLIED HLTH SCIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-01 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10650452
• 关键词: AIDS/HIV problem; Address; Adult; Affect; Africa; Africa South of the Sahara; African; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Area; Basic Science; Biological Markers; Biomedical Research; Biopsy; Caring; Cessation of life; Clinic; Clinical; Clinical Research; Collaborations; Community Healthcare; Country; DNA; Detection; Developed Countries; Developing Countries; Development; Diagnosis; Early Diagnosis; Epidemic; Female; Foreigner; Fostering; Gender; Geography; HIV; HIV diagnosis; HIV-1; Health; Health Personnel; Healthcare; Histopathology; Human; Human Herpesvirus 8; Immune response; Immunohistochemistry; Immunologic Markers; Incidence; Inequality; Infectious Diseases Research; Infrastructure; Interdisciplinary Study; Kaposi Sarcoma; Knowledge; Lesion; Medical; Mentors; Molecular; Molecular Diagnosis; Outcome; Output; Parents; Patient Care; Patients; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Plasma; Process; Production; Productivity; Public Health; Publications; Publishing; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Research Priority; Research Training; Resources; Sampling; Science; Tanzania; Techniques; Therapeutic Intervention; Tissues; Training; Training Support; Training and Education; Tumor Tissue; Uganda; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Viral; Vulnerable Populations; career; clinical care; co-infection; comorbidity; design; diversity and inclusion; experimental study; female sex worker; improved; male; preventive intervention; programs; public health research; recruit; skills; standard of care; success; training opportunity; transmission process; tumor

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Despite the significant scientific knowledge generated and the notable decline in HIV incidence and deaths as a result of HIV biomedical research in the developed countries, the output for biomedical research is highly limited in SSA where the burden of HIV/AIDS is disproportionally borne. For example, in Tanzania, a developing country in East Africa with limited health care resources, 5.1% of adults are affected by the HIV epidemic, and these rates are even higher among vulnerable populations (15 - 26% of female sex workers), HIV biomedical productivity is very low. Overall, the geography of basic HIV publications from Africa has shown a limited contribution of Africa to global research production. Health research production that originates from Africa by African researchers is very limited and mainly focused on clinical patient care with minimal emphasis on biomedical sciences. The lack of tertiary-level research training opportunities, particularly in HIV research has resulted in a low number of well-trained HIV researchers, and low research productivity with significant gender inequality. At the Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences in Tanzania, the biggest medical university in the country, there are ~80 HIV researchers and only ~12% are female HIV researchers. To address this gap of well-trained HIV biomedical researchers, we are proposing to recruit and mentor an early-stage female investigator (Dr. Lydia) on the basics of HIV basic research by conducting a project on molecular HIV-associated Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) diagnosis. The overall objective is to train and mentor this early-stage investigator on the early detection and diagnosis of HIV-associated KS among PLWH. We hypothesize that training an early-stage female investigator on HIV basic sciences, particularly on molecular diagnosis of HIV-associated KS would stimulate the involvement of female researchers in HIV research and improve HIV biomedical research output leading to better health outcomes for PLWH in SSA. To support this training, we will utilize the ongoing parent K43 study infrastructure to integrate, and train the early-stage investigator on how to a) develop and conduct KS educational sensitization of clinicians, PLWH, and community healthcare workers at HIV clinics, and b) perform KS tumor biopsies and basic histopathology for KS diagnosis, c) perform KSHV LANA IHC and design PCR experiments to detect KSHV DNA in the processed samples to supplement standard of care KS diagnosis. The proposed training is significant as it provides a unique opportunity for a new investigator to acquire new skills in HIV biomedical sciences research as a stepping-stone to embark on HIV/AIDS research career. The study will strengthen the HIV basic and clinical research team at ORCI, and foster gender inclusion and diversity in research. The success of this trainee will motivate other female new investigators to pursue careers in HIV biomedical research. Overall, these efforts will improve the early detection and diagnosis of KS leading to better health outcomes for PLWH in SSA.

项目总结/摘要 尽管产生了大量科学知识，艾滋病毒发病率和死亡率显著下降， 作为发达国家艾滋病毒生物医学研究的结果，生物医学研究的产出是 在艾滋病毒/艾滋病负担沉重的撒南非洲，这一点非常有限。例如，在坦桑尼亚， 在东非的一个发展中国家，卫生保健资源有限，5.1%的成年人受到艾滋病毒的影响 在弱势群体中，这一比例甚至更高（占女性性工作者的15 - 26%）， 艾滋病毒的生物医学生产率非常低。总的来说，非洲艾滋病毒基本出版物的地理分布 非洲对全球研究成果的贡献有限。健康研究产品， 来自非洲的非洲研究人员非常有限，主要集中在临床病人护理， 对生物医学科学的重视程度最低。缺乏高等教育研究培训机会， 特别是在艾滋病毒研究方面，导致训练有素的艾滋病毒研究人员数量很少， 生产力存在严重的性别不平等。在穆辛比利卫生和联合科学大学， 坦桑尼亚是该国最大的医科大学，有大约80名艾滋病毒研究人员，只有12%是 女性艾滋病研究者为了解决训练有素的艾滋病毒生物医学研究人员的这一缺口，我们建议 招募并指导一名早期女性研究员（Lydia博士）了解艾滋病毒基础研究的基本知识， 开展艾滋病毒相关卡波西肉瘤（KS）分子诊断项目。总体目标 是培训和指导这一早期阶段的研究人员对艾滋病毒相关的早期发现和诊断， 在PLWH中。我们假设，在艾滋病基础科学方面培训一名早期女性研究人员， 特别是对HIV相关KS的分子诊断， 艾滋病毒研究的研究人员，并提高艾滋病毒生物医学研究的产出，导致更好的健康结果 在SSA中的PLWH。为了支持这项培训，我们将利用正在进行的母K43研究基础设施， 整合并培训早期研究人员如何a）开发和开展KS教育 在艾滋病毒诊所对临床医生、艾滋病毒感染者和社区卫生保健工作者进行宣传，以及B）进行知识共享 用于KS诊断的肿瘤活检和基本组织病理学，c）进行KSHV拉娜IHC并设计PCR 实验以检测经处理的样品中的KSHV DNA，以补充护理标准KS诊断。 拟议的培训意义重大，因为它为新研究者提供了一个独特的机会， 在艾滋病毒生物医学科学研究的技能，作为一个踏脚石，走上艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究生涯。 该研究将加强ORCI的艾滋病毒基础和临床研究团队，并促进性别包容 研究的多样性。这名实习生的成功将激励其他女性新调查员追求 从事艾滋病毒生物医学研究。总的来说，这些努力将改善早期发现和诊断， 通过知识共享改善撒南非洲艾滋病毒携带者的健康状况。