Impact of Climate Change on Life Expectancy in a Multiethnic Population

气候变化对多民族人口预期寿命的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10522422
负责人：
Iona C Cheng
金额：
$ 65.49万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-01 至 2027-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10522422
关键词：
Acute Address Adult Affect African American population Age Aging Air Air Conditioning Air Pollutants Air Pollution American Area Biological Biological Process Biometry Blood California Cessation of life Climate Cohort Studies Collection Communities Coupled Cross-Sectional Studies DNA Methylation Data Diet Education Elderly Enrollment Environment Environmental Health Epidemiology Epigenetic Process Ethnic Origin European Evaluation Event Fire - disasters Geography Green space Health Health behavior Heart Diseases Heat Waves Heterogeneity Individual Intervention Investigation Japanese American Joints Knowledge Latino Life Expectancy Malignant Neoplasms Measures Mediating Mediation Mediator of activation protein Mental Health Methodology Methods Modification Molecular Epidemiology Morbidity - disease rate Natural Disasters Neighborhoods Obesity Participant Particulate Matter Pathway interactions Physical activity Policy Maker Population Population Heterogeneity Population Study Prospective Studies Race Recording of previous events Research Design Resources Respiratory Disease Role Sampling Scientist Smoke Smoking Social Environment Socioeconomic Status Surface Temperature Testing Update Vulnerable Populations Wildfire Woman aging population base built environment climate change climate impact climate science climate zone cohort combat comorbidity demographics epigenetic regulation epigenome-wide association studies evidence base extreme heat extreme temperature health disparity high risk population low socioeconomic status men mortality mortality risk multi-ethnic multidisciplinary physical conditioning population based public health priorities racial and ethnic racial diversity response segregation sex social socioeconomics spelling

项目摘要

ABSTRACT Climate change is a growing public health priority as extreme heat, wildfires, and other natural disasters have led to acute effects on morbidity and mortality; yet, the long-term consequences of extreme heat and wildfires have been sparsely studied. This is due in part to the paucity of studies with longitudinal information on individual- and neighborhood-level factors and fine-scale climate and wildfire data. There is an urgent need to investigate the long-term consequences of extreme heat and wildfires in well-designed studies that include a comprehensive assessment of these exposures and their independent and joint effects on life expectancy, coupled with a critical evaluation of possible mediators (air pollution) and moderators (socioeconomic status, demographics, comorbidities, health behaviors, neighborhood environments, and geography). Furthermore, the biological processes by which climate change affects mortality are not well understood. While evidence of the impact of air pollution on DNA methylation as a measure of epigenetic regulation is accumulating, studies of extreme heat and DNA methylation are sparse. Elucidation of the underlying pathways and the identification of interventions for high-risk groups are needed. To address these gaps, we will conduct a rigorous investigation of the impacts of extreme heat and wildfire smoke on adult life expectancy, leveraging the unique epidemiological resources of the Multiethnic Cohort Study, a large population-based study that includes 112,000 adult men and women from California, who were ages 45-75 at enrollment in 1993-1996 and currently ages 72-103 with strong representation of diverse racial/ethnic and socioeconomic groups. Specifically, we will generate and characterize extreme heat and wildfire smoke for California Multiethnic Cohort participants spanning a 24-year period (Aim 1); assess the impacts of long-term exposures of extreme heat and wildfire smoke on life expectancy (Aim 2); and DNA methylation and epigenetic age (Aim 3). The strengths of this proposal include: 1) the use of state-of-the-art exposure assessment methods to characterize extreme heat, wildfire smoke, and important criteria air pollutants; 2) a large population-based sample with detailed individual- and neighborhood-level data and sufficient power to detect modest effects that are broadly generalizable to similar sex, racial/ethnic, and socioeconomic groups in the US; 3) the assessment of the role of biological pathways (DNA methylation) by which extreme heat and wildfire smoke may operate; and 4) a thorough investigation of effect modification by a variety of factors including modifiable neighborhood environments as well as the mediation of effects by air pollution. Findings from this proposal will expand our understanding of the contribution of long-term extreme heat and wildfire smoke on life expectancy. This knowledge has translational relevance in providing empirical evidence for policy makers and implementation scientists to develop strategic interventions and response plans to combat the health effects of extreme heat and wildfire smoke.

抽象的气候变化是极端热量，野火和其他自然灾害的日益增长的公共卫生优先事项导致对发病率和死亡率的急性影响；然而，极端热量和野火的长期后果已经被稀少研究了。这部分是由于缺乏研究的纵向信息个体和邻里级别的因素以及高规模的气候和野火数据。迫切需要在精心设计的研究中，研究了极端热量和野火的长期后果，包括对这些暴露及其对预期寿命的独立和共同影响的全面评估，加上对可能的调解人（空气污染）和主持人（社会经济地位，人口统计学，合并症，健康行为，邻里环境和地理）。此外，气候变化影响死亡率的生物学过程尚不清楚。同时证据空气污染对DNA甲基化作为表观遗传调节的量度的影响正在积累，研究极高的热量和DNA甲基化稀疏。阐明基础途径和识别需要对高风险组的干预措施。为了解决这些差距，我们将进行严格的调查极热和野火烟雾对成人预期寿命的影响，利用独特的多民族队列研究的流行病学资源，这是一项基于人群的大型研究，包括来自加利福尼亚州的112,000名成年男女，在1993 - 1996年入学时，年龄45-75岁，目前 72-103岁，具有强烈的种族/种族和社会经济群体的强烈代表。具体来说，我们会的加利福尼亚多民族队列参与者产生和表征极高的热量和野火烟雾跨越24年（目标1）；评估极热和野火长期暴露的影响预期寿命烟（AIM 2）；以及DNA甲基化和表观遗传年龄（AIM 3）。这个的优势建议包括：1）使用最先进的暴露评估方法来表征极高的热量野火烟雾和重要标准空气污染物； 2）大型基于人群的样本，具有详细的个体 - 以及邻里级别的数据以及足够的能力来检测适度的效果，这些效应可广泛推广到在美国，类似的性别，种族/种族和社会经济群体； 3）评估生物学的作用极端热量和野火烟雾可能起作用的途径（DNA甲基化）； 4）彻底通过包括可修改的邻里环境在内的多种因素进行效果修改的调查以及空气污染的影响。该提案的发现将扩大我们对长期极端热量和野火烟雾对预期寿命的贡献。这些知识有转化相关性，为政策制定者和实施科学家提供经验证据制定战略干预措施和反应计划，以应对极端热量和野火的健康影响抽烟。