Discovery of SARS-CoV-2 antivirals using a replicon assay

使用复制子测定发现 SARS-CoV-2 抗病毒药物

• 批准号: 10522048
• 负责人: Stefan G Sarafianos
• 金额: $ 65.76万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2027-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10522048
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Active Sites; Address; Affect; Air; Antiviral Agents; Antiviral Therapy; Binding; Biochemical; Biological Assay; Biophysics; COVID-19; COVID-19 mortality; Caco-2 Cells; Cell Line; Cells; Cessation of life; Collection; Combined Modality Therapy; Coronavirus; Data; Development; Disclosure; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Drug Kinetics; Drug resistance; Effectiveness; Enzyme Kinetics; Fluorescence Microscopy; Generations; Genes; Genetic Engineering; Genomics; Grant; HIV-1; HIV-2; Hepatitis B Virus; Hepatitis C virus; Human; In Vitro; Individual; Influenza; International; Kinetics; Lead; Legal patent; Libraries; Liquid substance; Measurement; Measures; Metals; Molecular; Mus; Mutation; Nonstructural Protein; Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Plasmids; Preparation; Proteins; Public Health; Published Comment; Publishing; RNA; Replicon; Reporting; Resistance; SARS coronavirus; SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7; SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351; SARS-CoV-2 CAL.20C; SARS-CoV-2 P.1; SARS-CoV-2 antiviral; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Untranslated Regions; Vaccines; Variant; Viral; Virus; Virus Diseases; Visualization; Washington; Work; ZIKA; airway epithelium; analog; base; cell preparation; combat; cytotoxicity; drug candidate; drug discovery; efficacy study; experimental study; expression cloning; fitness; helicase; high throughput screening; improved; in vivo; inhibitor; innovation; invention; lead optimization; miniaturize; monolayer; mouse model; nanomolar; novel; pandemic disease; remdesivir; resistance mechanism; resistance mutation; screening; small molecule inhibitor; small molecule libraries; socioeconomics; stable cell line; success; synergism; tool

PROJECT SUMMARY Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cause severe diseases in humans (COVID- 19) that presents a major threat for global public health. Since it was first reported in 12/2019, COVID-19 has become a pandemic that continues to spread, with >246 million confirmed cases and >5 million deaths as of 11/02/2021. In addition to the human tragedy, the magnitude of the pandemic-driven implosion of global economies is enormous. Although vaccines are now available, their efficacy appears to be reduced with spreading viral strains. Remdesivir is the only approved antiviral targeting SARS-CoV-2, but it has little effect on COVID-19 mortality. Therefore, it is critical to identify and develop additional antivirals to combat viral infection. The following strong preliminary data enable targeting of SARS-CoV-2: 1) Construction of an extensive collection of SARS-CoV-2 replicon systems that enable cutting-edge, rapid, and economical high-throughput screening. 2) Preparation of cell lines that stably express SARS-CoV-2 replicon. 3) Preliminary screening of chemical libraries led to the discovery of a novel SARS-CoV-2 antiviral, which has already been improved with one round of optimization through medicinal chemistry efforts. 4) Multiplex visualization of single-genomic or subgenomic (+) or (-) SARS-CoV-2 RNA and simultaneously viral and/or host proteins in individual infected cells. 5) Cutting-edge rapid high-throughput infectious virus BSL3 assays that enable kinetic, mechanistic, drug resistance studies. 6) In-house cloning expression and purification of 10 SARS-CoV-2 non-structural proteins (nsps). 7) Biochemical and biophysical assays to measure the enzymatic activities of several SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 nsp proteins and to measure compound binding to nsps. We hypothesize that our recently developed replicon systems can be used for the discovery of anti-SARS- CoV-2 hits, which upon hit-to-lead optimization can become COVID-19 drug candidates. To address this hypothesis, we propose the following specific aims: 1. Use of SARS-CoV-2 replicon plasmid systems and SARS-CoV-2 replicon-expressing cell lines to screen chemical libraries for antiviral hits. 2. Inhibition and resistance studies with prioritized inhibitors. 3. Hit-to-lead optimization These studies will lead to antivirals with strong potency and pharmacokinetic profiles, setting the stage for development of SARS-CoV-2 antivirals and combination therapies.

项目总结