Intergenerational Vestiges of Childhood Maltreatment: Physiological Mediating Mechanisms of Parenting

项目摘要/摘要 童年虐待构成了一种严重的公共卫生危机，与毁灭性的终身成本有关， 包括精神病理风险增加1，2和药物使用，3社会情绪功能较差，4，5 认知功能受损，6，7教育程度低，8和身体健康问题9，如心脏 疾病、肥胖、甚至早逝。12至关重要的是，儿童虐待的有害代价并不是 仅限于那些直接受影响的人，但也可能通过中断的育儿和 13因此，查明可解释两者之间联系的干预机制 下一代的虐待病史和育儿方式可以为这一研究领域的理论提供参考 说明在临床实践中有意义的干预要点。建议的长远目标 项目是检查多系统生理应激反应性指标作为关联的中介。 围产期母体虐待史与育儿方式之间的关系。它的新奇之处在于 这个项目是双重的。首先，这个项目将检查下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺反应性(目标1)和 副交感神经系统反应性(目标2)作为虐待和父母教养之间的中介联系 在一个关键的发展时期。这是第一次研究一种以上的生理调节因子。 这种联系是同时进行的，也是第一个专门研究副交感神经反应性的研究。 其次，在特定领域的育儿方法14的启发下，该项目提供了亟需的特殊性 在保护和互惠的生理和育儿结果之间的不同关联 域名。这项工作通过利用现有的前瞻性、纵向、 对多样化、低收入妇女的研究(n=85)。申请人由专家调查人员组成的专职指导团队 将促进申请者在这一重要研究领域的发展。最后，授予和完成这一 该项目将在很大程度上帮助发展领域有前途的年轻科学家提供强有力的研究培训 精神病理学、代际传播过程和通过质量指导的人类生理学 以及高级研究技能和增强的跨学科知识在相关领域的培训机会 内容区。此外，拟议的翻译研究是非常新颖的，将有助于了解 围产期的生物心理社会育儿过程，特别是在高危母亲中。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Childhood maltreatment constitutes a grave public health crisis associated with devastating lifelong costs, including heightened risk for psychopathology1,2 and substance use,3 poorer socioemotional functioning,4,5 impaired cognitive functioning,6,7 lower educational attainment,8 and physical health problems9 such as heart disease,10 obesity,11 and even early death.12 Crucially, the deleterious costs of childhood maltreatment are not limited to those directly affected, but can also spillover into future generations via disrupted parenting and caregiving practices.13 Thus, identification of intervening mechanisms that may explain associations between maltreatment histories and parenting in the next generation can inform theory in this area of research and illuminate meaningful points of intervention in clinical practice. The long-term objective of the proposed project is to examine multisystem physiological stress reactivity indicators as mediators of associations between maternal maltreatment histories and parenting during the perinatal period. The novelty of this project is twofold. First, this project will examine both Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal reactivity (Aim 1) and Parasympathetic Nervous System reactivity (Aim 2) as intervening links between maltreatment and parenting during a key developmental period. This is the first study to examine more than one physiological mediator of this association concurrently, as well as the first study to examine parasympathetic reactivity specifically. Second, informed by a Domain-Specific Approach14 to parenting, this project provides much-needed specificity in differential associations between physiology and parenting outcomes across the protection and reciprocity domains. This work addresses limitations of prior research by leveraging an existing prospective, longitudinal, study (n=85) of diverse, low-income women. The applicant’s dedicated mentorship team of expert investigators will foster the applicant's development in this important research area. Finally, the award and completion of this project will substantially aid in providing strong research training to a promising young scientist in developmental psychopathology, intergenerational transmission processes, and human physiology through quality mentoring and training opportunities for advanced research skills and enhanced interdisciplinary knowledge in relevant content areas. Moreover, the proposed translational research is highly novel and will contribute to knowledge of biopsychosocial parenting processes in the perinatal period, particularly among high-risk mothers.