Affective and Neural Correlates of Nicotine and Cannabis Co-Use in Young Adulthood

项目摘要/摘要 烟草和大麻的共同使用日益普遍，并可能与更大的物理 与单独使用任何一种物质相比，都有心理风险。共同使用在以下方面尤为普遍 青壮年，一个使用有问题物质的风险增加的年龄段。尽管利率不断上升 在这个年龄段的共同使用中，可能保持共同使用的因素不太为人所知。的个体差异 药物使用的积极情感反应和神经奖赏反应是药物使用的重要预测因子 维护，但在这一人群中研究相对较少。因此，拟议研究的具体目标是 1)表征对大麻和尼古丁联合使用的主观积极情感反应，与单一使用相比- 使用任何一种物质2)调查未醉酒的神经奖赏反应性和阳性之间的关系 影响大麻、尼古丁和联合使用后的反应，以及3)检查大麻和 过去一个月尼古丁的使用作为非醉酒神经奖赏之间关系的潜在调节因素 药物使用后的反应性和积极情绪变化。为了解决这些目标，目前的研究建议 从一项针对年轻人的大规模生态瞬时评估(EMA)研究中招募一部分参与者 大麻和烟草共同使用者参加额外的脑电(EEG)实验室探视。 这些研究的目的是支持申请者的培训目标：1)在并发的表型中发展知识 通过调查尼古丁和大麻共同使用的情感、神经和行为相关性来研究物质使用 2)获得EMA方法和数据分析方面的培训3)获得EEG方法方面的培训和经验4)追求 通过撰写手稿、会议演讲和职业生涯实现学术职业发展 发展和赠款编写研讨会和讲习班，以及5)获得道德和负责任的行为培训 研究的成果。申请者的指导团队由青少年尼古丁和大麻使用方面的专家组成 研究和EMA方法(梅尔梅尔斯坦博士)，青少年使用大麻的情感和神经相关性 成年期(Crane博士)、脑电方法和分析(Burkhouse博士)和高级统计方法(Dr。 Hedeker)。因此，指导团队将推进申请者的目标，使其继续接受同时实质的培训 使用研究、EMA方法和EEG方法。拟议的培训和研究计划最终支持 候选人的长期目标是成为一名致力于理解 青春期同时使用药物与情感、行为和神经的相关性。此外， 提出的研究有可能极大地促进我们对情感和神经的相关性的理解 与青年时期的共同使用相关，可以作为未来的预防和治疗目标。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Co-use of tobacco and cannabis is increasingly prevalent and may be associated with greater physical and psychological risks when compared to use of either substance alone. Co-use is particularly prevalent in young adulthood, an age group where risk for problematic substance use is heightened. Despite growing rates of co-use in this age group, factors that may maintain co-use are less well known. Individual differences in positive affect response to drug use and neural reward reactivity are important predictors of drug use maintenance, but are relatively understudied in this population. Thus, the specific aims of the proposed study are to 1) Characterize subjective positive affect response to cannabis and nicotine co-use, as compared to single- use of either substance 2) Investigate relationships between non-intoxicated neural reward reactivity and positive affect response following episodes of cannabis, nicotine, and co-use, and 3) Examine rates of cannabis and nicotine use in the past month as potential moderators of the relationship between non-intoxicated neural reward reactivity and positive affect change following drug use. To address these aims, the current study proposes to recruit a subset of participants from a large-scale ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study of young adult cannabis and tobacco co-users to participate in an additional electroencephalogram (EEG) laboratory visit. These study aims support the applicant’s training goals to 1) develop knowledge in phenotypes of concurrent substance use through investigating affective, neural, and behavioral correlates of nicotine and cannabis co-use 2) acquire training in EMA methods and data analysis 3) gain training and experience in EEG methods 4) pursue academic professional development through authoring manuscripts, conference presentations, and career development and grant writing seminars and workshops, and 5) gain training in ethics and responsible conduct of research. The applicant’s mentorship team is comprised of experts in young adult nicotine and cannabis use research and EMA methods (Dr. Mermelstein), affective and neural correlates of cannabis use in young adulthood (Dr. Crane), EEG methods and analysis (Dr. Burkhouse), and advanced statistical methods (Dr. Hedeker). The mentoring team will thus advance the applicant’s goals to pursue training in concurrent substance use research, EMA methods, and EEG methods. The proposed training and research plan ultimately supports the candidate’s long-term goal of pursuing a career as an independent investigator dedicated to understanding affective, behavioral, and neural correlates of concurrent substance use in young adulthood. Further, the proposed study has the potential to greatly advance our understanding of correlates of affective and neural correlates co-use in young adulthood that can be harnessed as future prevention and treatment targets.