Nutrition Precision Health for All of Us (Chicago Center)

项目摘要 流行病学和临床研究支持营养在健康中的重要作用。然而，营养研究 由于自我报告的饮食数据以及个体间和个体内变异，高通量“omic” 分析技术与先进的远程实时数据收集相结合， 研究个人对饮食的反应，从而为个性化的营养建议创造机会。 我们的总体目标是通过利用我们现有的营养，促进精准健康（NPH）联盟 伊利诺伊州精准医学联盟（IPMC）的基础设施，以招收我们所有的研究计划（AoURP） 参与者在发现营养科学研究涉及三个饮食模块。建议调查 饮食方法停止高血压（DASH）饮食的特定元素，以血压（BP）为 主要成果。BP是由遗传和基因的影响下的一个复杂的机制网络调节的， 环境因素，高血压被认为是心血管疾病的主要可改变的危险因素 疾病、脑血管疾病、肾脏疾病和全因死亡率。DASH饮食依从性 持续记录血压降低，与基线卡路里或钠摄入量无关。虽然年纪较大， 高血压和黑人对DASH依从性和减少饮食钠的反应更大 摄入量，观察到个体间的变异性，仍然无法解释。在模块1中，我们将跟踪2，000个 AoURP参与者为期14天，以检查基线饮食和对试餐挑战的生理反应 假设基于个体心脏代谢引起可变生理和代谢组学反应， 遗传和肠道微生物状态。然后，我们研究了对三个14天干预期的反应， 在一项自由生活控制喂养研究（模块1）中，400名知情同意的模块1参与者采用DASH型饮食 2)200名模块1参与者参与了家庭控制喂养研究（模块3）。三个干预 饮食是等热量的，钠当量，包括：i）DASH-Standard，ii）DASH-FFF，指定水果， 类黄酮和脂肪和DASH-PP，强调植物蛋白。每种饮食都有独特的营养特性， 影响血压调节，每一个都将阐明不同的生理学、代谢组学和微生物组学反应 心脏代谢和遗传状态改变的基因。我们的三个IPMC临床站点，包括西北大学 芝加哥大学、芝加哥大学和伊利诺斯理工学院的地理位置很广， 在种族和社会经济多样化的芝加哥社区， 有针对性地招募人口统计学上多样化的参与者。 这项与NPH联盟合作的研究启动了基本的因果和机制洞察力 DASH型饮食在BP调节中的作用，有可能发现新的生物学途径 形成高BP的潜在风险。这种先进的知识可以告知前所未有的个性化 饮食建议，以预防和治疗高血压的巨大公共卫生负担。

PROJECT SUMMARY Epidemiological and clinical studies support an important role of nutrition in health. However, nutrition research is limited by bias due to self-reported diet data and inter- and intra-individual variation. High-throughput `omic' profiling techniques combined with advanced remote real-time data collection now enable comprehensive studies of individual responses to diet thereby creating opportunities for personalized nutrition advice. Our overall goal is to facilitate the Nutrition for Precision Health (NPH) Consortium by leveraging our existing Illinois Precision Medicine Consortium (IPMC) infrastructure to enroll All of Us Research Program (AoURP) participants in the discovery nutrition science study involving three diet modules. Proposed is investigation of specific elements of a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet with blood pressure (BP) as the primary outcome. BP is regulated by a complex network of mechanisms under the influence of genetic and environmental factors, and high BP is recognized as the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, kidney disease and all-cause mortality worldwide. DASH diet adherence has consistently documented reduced BP, independent of baseline calorie or sodium intake. Although older, hypertensive and Black persons show greater BP responses to DASH adherence and reduced dietary sodium intake, inter-individual variability is observed and remains unexplained. In Module 1, we will follow 2,000 AoURP participants for 14 days to examine baseline diet and physiological responses to test-meal challenges hypothesized to elicit variable physiological and metabolomic responses based on individual cardiometabolic, genetic and gut microbial status. We then examine responses to three 14-day intervention periods involving DASH-type diets among 400 consenting Module 1 participants in a free-living controlled feeding study (Module 2) and in 200 Module 1 participants in a domicile controlled feeding study (Module 3). The three intervention diets are isocaloric, sodium equivalent and include: i) DASH-Standard, ii) DASH-FFF, specifying fruits, flavonoids and fat and DASH-PP, emphasizing plant protein. Each diet has distinctive nutritive properties that influence BP regulation and each will elucidate diverse physiological, metabolomic, and microbiomic responses that are modified by cardiometabolic and genetic status. Our three IPMC clinical sites including Northwestern University, the University of Chicago, and the Illinois Institute of Technology span wide yet geographically distinct service areas in ethnically and socioeconomically diverse Chicago communities, thereby offering targeted enrollment of demographically diverse participants. This research in collaboration with the NPH consortium initiates fundamental causal and mechanistic insight into the role of the DASH-type diet in BP regulation with potential to discover novel biological pathways underlying risks for developing high BP. This advanced knowledge can inform unprecedented personalized diet recommendations to prevent and treat the massive public health burden off hypertension.