Translating Behavioral Economics Strategies to Culturally Tailor a Mobile Health Mindfulness Intervention to Reduce Risky Drinking Behaviors in Black College Student Men

摘要 美国黑人新兴成年大学男性(18−29岁)经历更多与酒精相关的健康 与同年龄的白人男性和黑人女性相比，这一差距更大。然而，BCM对参与其中犹豫不决 干预措施显示可以缓解大学生的压力和饮酒。使用移动医疗 为BCM量身定做的(MHealth)干预措施可能会解决这些不相称的问题。因此，长期目标是 这个以患者为导向的导师研究职业发展奖(K23)是为了启动Laura Reid博士 作为一名独立的临床科学家，马克的研究计划专注于减少与酒精相关的 黑人初出茅庐成年人的健康差距。这一目标将通过为期5年的平行培训和 研究计划。培训目标包括：(1)培养翻译理论和实践方面的专门知识 轨道模式(美国国立卫生研究院的阶段性行为干预发展模式)；(2)培养 行为经济学理论为行为mHealth干预制定参与策略； 实施新的实验方法(即微随机试验；MRT)，以增加mHealth 参与；以及(4)培养技能，以成功地指导研究实验室并指导不同的学生实验室。 培训目标将通过一个全面的培训计划来实现，该计划包括：(1)持续的个人 与导师(Naar博士、Murphy博士、Nahum-Shani博士和Li博士)会面，学习他们在T1方面的综合专业知识 翻译健康干预、行为经济学、移动健康、MRT研究设计和统计学 分析；(2)课程、研讨会和研讨会；(3)会议和专业发展。获得的技能 通过培训计划将应用于一个利用#年轨道模型第一和第二阶段的项目 为第三阶段做准备。为了解决目标1(阶段1)，在第一年−2中，我们将分析收集到的焦点小组数据 来自以白人为主的机构的BCM饮酒者，以开发和完善从行为中提取的策略 经济学(即，断断续续的未来思维、互惠)，以增加正念应用的参与度 (APP)用于酗酒和酗酒的BCM。为了解决目标2(第一阶段和第二阶段)，跨越第二年−4，我们将使用 试点-MRT，以测试目标1参与战略的可行性、可接受性和初步效果 在正念应用程序中加入狂饮和举重饮酒BCM(N=40)。参与者将被随机分成一组 有三个条件(断断续续的未来思维、互惠或没有即时条件)。基线调查、生态调查 瞬时评估、ParaData和试运行后的捷运个人出口面谈将评估可行性， 可接受性，以及参与策略作为基于文本的提示在 智能手机可以增加人们对mHealth的关注，减少压力，最终减少酒精 以BCM为单位的消费量。拟议的研究将为Marks博士提交的第一个R01提供试点数据 NIAAA，将在第五年提交。该提案与NIH研究职业发展的目标保持一致 确保培训一批多样化的科学家，以满足美国的行为和生物医学需求。

Abstract Black emerging adult college men (BCM; 18−29 years) in the U.S. experience more alcohol-related health disparities than same-aged White men and Black women. However, BCM are hesitant to engage in interventions shown to alleviate stress and alcohol consumption in college students. Using mobile health (mHealth) interventions tailored for BCM may address these disproportionalities. Hence, the long-term goal of this Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23) is to launch Dr. Laura Reid Marks’s program of research as an independent clinical scientist with a focus on reducing alcohol-related health disparities in Black emerging adults. This goal will be achieved through a 5-year parallel training and research plan. Training goals include: (1) developing expertise in the theory and practice of T1 translation of the ORBIT model (an NIH model of phased behavioral intervention development); (2) cultivating skills in behavioral economics theory to develop engagement strategies for a behavioral mHealth intervention; (3) implementing novel experimental approaches (i.e., micro-randomized trials; MRTs), to increase mHealth engagement; and (4) building skills to successfully direct a research lab and mentor a diverse lab of students. Training objectives will be met through a comprehensive training plan involving: (1) ongoing individual meetings with mentors (Drs. Naar, Murphy, Nahum-Shani, and Li), to learn from their combined expertise in T1 translation of health intervention, behavioral economics, mHealth, MRT research design, and statistical analyses; (2) courses, workshops, and seminars; (3) conferences and professional development. Skills gained through the training plan will be applied to a project capitalizing on Phases I and II of the ORBIT model in preparation for Phase III. To address Aim 1 (Phase 1), in Years 1−2, we will analyze focus group data collected from BCM drinkers at a predominantly White institution to develop and refine strategies drawn from behavioral economics (i.e., episodic future thinking, reciprocity) to increase engagement in a mindfulness application (app) for binge and heavy drinking BCM. To address Aim 2 (Phase I and II), across Years 2−4, we will use a pilot-MRT to test the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effect of the Aim 1 engagement strategies to engage binge and heaving drinking BCM (N = 40) in a mindfulness app. Participants will be randomized to one of three conditions (episodic future thinking, reciprocity, or no prompt conditions). A baseline survey, ecological momentary assessments, paradata, and a post-pilot MRT individual exit interview will assess feasibility, acceptability, and the preliminary effect of the engagement strategies delivered as text-based prompts in a smartphone to increase engagement in mHealth mindfulness, reduce stress, and ultimately alcohol consumption in BCM. The proposed studies will provide pilot data for Dr. Marks’ first R01 submission to NIAAA, to be submitted in Year 5. The proposal is aligned with the NIH Research Career Development’s goal of ensuring the training of a diverse pool of scientists to address U.S. behavioral and biomedical needs.