Metamaterials Implants for Magnetic Resonance Imaging

临床电刺激系统是越来越常见的治疗选择 治疗各种疾病，如心脏复律除颤器， 起搏器、脊髓刺激器和深部脑刺激器。尽管他们 虽然取得了显著的成功，但这些医疗器械的一个重要局限性是它们的局限性 与磁共振成像(MRI)兼容，这是一种广泛使用的标准 医学上的诊断工具。在执行MRI检查时的主要问题是 患者植入导电植入物的是天线效应，这可能会 导致大量能量在组织中被吸收，导致与热有关的 伤势严重。在此应用程序中，我们建议设计、开发和测试一种新的 超材料技术产生的磁共振条件导联可用于 植入电记录和刺激装置。创新的纳米级薄- 胶片超材料是唯一一种不占用任何空间的MRI隐身技术 “大脑”空间相比，额外的射频窒息组件。我们将开发一种 任何植入体内的任意电刺激引线的一般框架 在3特斯拉磁共振成像过程中，防止感应电流积聚并减少成像伪影。 此外，我们还提出了一种新型的皮层脑电(ECoG)电极 生物兼容材料将是可拉伸的，并可整合以实现最佳 生物兼容性、安全性和性能。这些新的电极将是薄的和 灵活，可在多种配置中创建(即条带、栅格和 各种组合)用于不同的应用。值得注意的是，电极将是核磁共振安全的 和CT无伪影，允许电极位置与大脑完美配准 解剖学。电极还允许结合颅内(深度和皮质) 使用功能磁共振成像进行记录，从而更好地了解神经 在个体患者和神经科学知识方面都有组织。 一个完整的测试计划已经到位，其中包括电磁数值模拟 支持深度和ECoG神经起搏电极和台式电极的设计 大型动物对啮齿动物的药效验证和生物相容性试验。这个项目的 长期目标是开发与3特斯拉兼容的电刺激系统导线 MRI和其他外部射频源，为患者提供显著好处 世卫组织可能需要植入刺激器来治疗心脏等病理疾病 心律失常、帕金森氏症、癫痫和中风。

Clinical electrical stimulation systems are increasingly common therapeutic options to treat a broad range of medical conditions, such as cardioverter-defibrillators, pacemakers, spinal cord stimulators, and deep brain stimulators. Despite their remarkable success, a significant limitation of these medical devices is their limited compatibility with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a standard and widely used diagnostic tool in medicine. A primary concern when performing MRI examinations in patients with electrically conductive implants is the antenna effect, which can potentially cause a large amount of energy to be absorbed in the tissue, leading to heat-related severe injury. In this application, we propose designing, developing, and testing a novel metamaterials technology to produce MRI conditional leads that could be used in implanted electrical recording and stimulation devices. The innovative nanoscale thin- film metamaterial is truly the only MRI cloaking technology that does not occupy any "brain" space compared to additional RF-choking components. We will develop a general framework for any arbitrary electrical stimulation lead implanted in the body to prevent a build-up of induced currents and reduce imaging artifacts during a 3 Tesla MRI. Furthermore, we propose novel electrocorticography (ECoG) electrodes based on biocompatible materials that will be stretchable, and conformable for optimal biocompatibility, safety, and performance. These novel electrodes will be thin and flexible and can be created in a wide range of configurations (i.e., strips, grids, and various combinations) for different applications. Notably, the electrodes will be MRI-safe and CT artifact-free, allowing for perfect registration of the electrode location to the brain anatomy. The electrodes also permit the combination of intracranial (depth and cortical) recordings with fMRI imaging, leading to a greater understanding of the neural organization in both individual patients and for neuroscientific knowledge. A complete test plan is in place that includes electromagnetic numerical simulation to support the design of both depth and ECoG Neuropace electrodes and bench-top and large animal testing for efficacy validation and biocompatibility on rodents. This project's long-term goal is to develop electrical stimulation system leads compatible with 3 Tesla MRI and other external radiofrequency sources, providing significant benefits to patients who may require implanted stimulators to treat pathological conditions such as heart arrhythmias and Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, and stroke.