Bacterial Adhesion Inhibition and Biofilm Disruption by Adaptive Piezoelectric Biomaterial

牙科树脂复合材料由于其与牙齿组织的粘结潜力，已广泛应用于临床，具有良好的应用前景 机械性能，与其他间接修复体相比，成本更低。虽然成功，但从长远来看 修复体的存活率可能会受到牙齿复合体边缘的继发性龋齿的影响。在大多数情况下， 失败的原因是细菌及其酸副产物通过复合材料之间的边缘微泄漏 和牙齿结构。一旦生物膜在表面形成，就很难去除或杀死 里面有致病细菌。因此，抑制微生物的附着或使附着的细菌失活 可能会阻碍它们发展成生物膜。这项申请的目标是创造一种新型的牙科复合材料 这抑制了生物膜的积累，并清除了附着在修复材料表面的微生物，使用 增强了口腔运动产生的界面电势，而不依赖于微生物杀灭活性。 基于钛酸钡(BaTiO3)纳米颗粒的纳米复合平台可以实现抗生物膜和自供电 用于生物医学应用的功能。这种纳米复合表面通过利用 其固有的物理化学性质没有杀菌活性，从而最大限度地减少了对 抗生素耐药性和动态平衡微生物区系的破坏。此外，该材料的压电性 BaTiO3纳米颗粒可以将正常的口腔运动转化为电能，可以用来增强其 抗生物膜活性。正在进行的研究表明，通过调节抗生物膜的活性可以进一步增强 功函数通过在纳米复合材料上引入浅金属表面(&lt；100？)，表现出几乎 完全抑制细菌定植。基于这一令人兴奋的支持数据，我们假设- 结合细菌防粘剂使压电晶体产生增强的电势 物业创造了一个抗感染的环境，防止修复体上的生物膜和 继发性龋齿。我们预计这种抗感染的智能生物材料的创造将增加 修复的功能，并提供了一种新的战略，以防止继发性龋齿以及降低风险 恢复失败。

Dental resin composites have been widely used clinically due to their bonding potential to the tooth tissues, good mechanical properties, and lower cost compared to other indirect restorations. While successful, long-term survival of a restoration can be compromised by secondary caries at the tooth-composite margins. In most cases, failure is due to the microleakage of bacteria and their acid by-products through the margins between composite and tooth structures. Once biofilms are established on a surface, it is extremely difficult to remove or kill pathogenic bacteria therein. Therefore, inhibition of microbial adhesion or inactivation of the adhered bacteria could impair their development into biofilms. The goal of this application is to create a novel dental composite that inhibits biofilm accumulation as well as dislodging surface-adhered microbes on restorative materials using enhanced electric potential at the interface generated by oral motion without relying on microbial killing activity. A nanocomposite platform based on barium titanate (BaTiO3) nanoparticles enables antibiofilm and self-powering functionalities for biomedical applications. This nanocomposite surface inhibits bacterial colonization by utilizing its intrinsic physicochemical properties without bactericidal activity, thereby minimizing the induction of antimicrobial resistance and destruction of homeostasis microbiota. In addition, the piezoelectric property of BaTiO3 nanoparticles that converts normal oral motions into electrical energy can be utilized to enhance its antibiofilm activity. Ongoing studies indicate that antibiofilm activity can be further enhanced by modulating the work function by introducing a shallow metallic surface (< 100 Å) on the nanocomposite, exhibiting almost complete inhibition of bacterial colonization. Based on this exciting supporting data, we hypothesize that force- powering of piezoelectric crystals to produce enhanced electric potential combined with bacterial anti-adhesive property creates an anti-infectious environment that prevents the development of biofilms on restorations and secondary caries. We anticipate that the creation of this anti-infectious smart biomaterial would increase the functionality of restorations and provide a new strategy to prevent secondary caries as well as reduce the risk of restoration failure.