Innovative Sorbents for Stabilizing Per- and Polyfluoroalky Substances (PFAS) in Soil Contaminated by Aqueous Film-forming Foam (AFFF)

用于稳定受水成膜泡沫 (AFFF) 污染的土壤中的全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 的创新吸附剂

• 批准号: 10697401
• 负责人: Tao Jiang
• 金额: $ 17.21万
• 依托单位: REGENERATIVE SOLUTIONS, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-18 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10697401
• 关键词: Acceleration; Alfalfa; Binding; Biological; Biological Availability; Carbon; Chemicals; Dedications; Ecosystem; Electrostatics; Engineering; Environment; Equilibrium; Evaluation; Film; Fluorine; Food Chain; Generations; Goals; Growth; Health; Human; Hydrogen; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrophobic Interactions; Individual; Innovation Corps; Investigation; Ion Exchange; Knowledge; Lead; Length; Location; Marketing; Methanol; Methods; Minerals; Modeling; Movement; Nature; Pathway interactions; Performance; Phase; Plants; Poly-fluoroalkyl substances; Process; Protocols documentation; Reporting; Research; Resistance; Resolution; Site; Soil; Sorting; Speed; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Vertebral column; Water; Work; aqueous; chemical group; clay; commercialization; contaminated water; cost; cost effective; covalent bond; design; experience; functional group; innovation; insight; instrument; invention; migration; next generation; novel; plant growth/development; prevent; programs; remediation; solid state nuclear magnetic resonance; substance use; success; tool; uptake

Project Summary/Abstract: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of chemicals consisting of thousands of synthetic organic compounds in which the hydrogen atoms bound to the carbon backbones are fully or partially substituted with fluorine. Due to their widespread use, PFAS are detected ubiquitously. Owing to the nature of PFAS being persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic, cleaning up PFAS contaminated environments has been an urgent task globally. While numerous technologies, for example chemical, biological, thermochemical, sonochemical, etc. have been studied and used for removing PFAS from contaminated environments, none of these are without any drawbacks. In many cases, the intentional remediation processes that are often cost- and/or energy intensive, lead to generation of un-desired degradation products and/or secondary contamination. To avoid these potential negative effects, stabilization that seeks to retain PFAS in its original environment for long-term has gained momentum in recent years. To promote the formation of bound residues (BR) between PFAS and soil, different sorbents have demonstrated different capabilities. Even the best sorbent on the market, however, is not able to bind PFAS stable enough to withstand extraction by basic methanol. Additionally, sorption of short-chain PFAS and precursors has been a huge challenge for all sorts of sorbents. We propose here to test our newly synthesized sorbents with respect to forming stable BR in the soil-sorbent-plant systems. Our preliminary studies have shown that the three top-performing sorbents have higher sorption capacity and faster rate than those commercially available. In this Phase I proposal, we plan to understand the leachability and bioavailability of three types of PFAS in the near real-world mesocosms. Besides mass balance of the PFAS, correlations between BR and other parameters, such as soil total organic carbon content, PFAS chain length and functional group, precursor transformation, and growth of and uptake of PFAS by alfalfa will be established. In addition to having a deep understanding of PFAS transformation, distribution, and stabilization in the target systems, we propose to elucidate the BR structure and dynamics at the atomic level. This will benefit from a combination of chemical analysis and 19F solid-state NMR. Insights gained from these deep studies will enable us to fully understand the mechanisms controlling binding between PFAS, soil, and sorbent; pinpoint the deciding factors and parameters contributing to the formation of the strongest possible BR; and guide us in designing and engineering the next generation sorbents. Success of this project will lead to a cost-effective, scalable, and green approach for remediating sites contaminated by PFAS, reveal the binding mechanisms underlying BR formation, and result in novel sorbents for not only stabilizing PFAS in soil, but also for removing PFAS from contaminated water and beyond.

项目摘要/摘要：全氟和多氟烷基物质(PFAS)是一类化学品 由数千种合成有机化合物组成，其中氢原子与碳原子结合 脊椎骨完全或部分被氟取代。由于它们的广泛使用，检测到了全氟辛烷磺酸 无处不在。由于全氟辛烷磺酸具有持久性、生物蓄积性和毒性，因此应清理全氟辛烷磺酸 受污染的环境一直是全球的一项紧迫任务。虽然有许多技术，例如 化学、生物、热化学、声化学等已被用于去除全氟辛烷磺酸。 从受污染的环境来看，这些都不是没有任何缺点。在许多情况下，故意的 补救过程通常是成本和/或能源密集型的，会导致产生不需要的 降解产物和/或二次污染。为了避免这些潜在的负面影响， 寻求将PFAS长期保留在原始环境中的稳定在#年获得了势头 最近几年。为了促进PFAS与土壤之间形成结合残留物(BR)，不同的吸附剂 展示了不同的能力。然而，即使是市场上最好的脱脂剂也不能结合 全氟辛烷磺酸足够稳定，可以承受碱性甲醇的萃取。此外，短链全氟辛烷磺酸的吸附 而前体一直是各种吸着剂面临的巨大挑战。我们建议在这里测试我们的新产品 合成的吸附剂在土壤-吸附剂-植物系统中形成稳定的BR。我们的预赛 研究表明，性能最好的三种脱硫剂具有较高的吸附容量和较快的吸附速度 而不是市面上能买到的。在此第一阶段提案中，我们计划了解可浸出性和 三种全氟辛烷磺酸在近真实环境中的生物利用度。除了PFAS的质量平衡外， BR与土壤总有机碳含量、PFAS链长等参数的相关性 以及紫花苜蓿对全氟辛烷磺酸的官能团、前体转化、生长和吸收 已经成立了。除了深入了解全氟化肥的转型、分布和 在靶系统中的稳定性，我们建议在原子上阐明BR的结构和动力学 水平。这将得益于化学分析和19F固体核磁共振的结合。获得洞察力 从这些深入的研究将使我们能够充分了解控制机制之间的结合 全氟化肥、土壤和吸着剂；准确确定决定因素和参数，有助于形成 最强的BR；并指导我们设计和设计下一代脱硫剂。取得的成功 该项目将带来一种经济高效、可扩展和绿色的方法来修复受 PFAS，揭示了BR形成的结合机制，并导致了新型吸附剂的不仅 稳定土壤中的全氟辛烷磺酸，也用于从受污染的水和其他地方去除全氟辛烷磺酸。