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CRCNS: investigating perceptual processing speed and its impact on choice behavior

CRCNS：调查感知处理速度及其对选择行为的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10673133
负责人：
Emilio Salinas
金额：
$ 40.42万
依托单位：
WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-12-01 至 2025-07-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10673133
关键词：
Acceleration Acute Adaptive Behaviors Area Attention Behavior Behavioral Brain Cells Cerebral cortex Choice Behavior Cognitive Consensus Data Decision Making Discrimination Dissociation Event Eye Movements Goals Judgment Location Measures Modeling Monkeys Motion Motor Motor Activity Neurobiology Neurons Perception Performance Phenotype Physiological Play Predisposition Preparation Process Psychophysics Reaction Time Reporting Resolution Role Saccades Scanning Sensory Series Signal Transduction Specificity Stimulus Structure System Tennis Testing Time Training Uncertainty Variant Visual Visuospatial Work cell type distraction experimental study frontal eye fields heuristics insight lateral intraparietal area millisecond neural neural correlate neuromechanism neurophysiology neurotransmission novel oculomotor predictive modeling pressure processing speed response temporal measurement time use visual motor visual stimulus

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract The goal of this project is to investigate the neural mechanisms whereby perceptual information guides the choice of where to look next; speciﬁcally, we propose to record neuronal activity during urgent decision making to examine with ﬁne temporal resolution how perception informs motor planning. Neuroscientists normally study choice behavior with tasks in which a perceptual judgment is made and is followed by a motor report, but this approach has limitations. First, it allows various covert factors such as attention, anticipation, or task difﬁ- culty to be traded against each other, creating ambiguities that cannot be resolved via standard psychophysical metrics, i.e., reaction time and choice accuracy. And second, serialization suppresses the rapid, reciprocal inter- action between perceptual analysis and motor planning from which informed saccadic choices normally arise. Our approach is based on a recently developed task in which decisions are urgent and both of these problems are minimized. Our framework also includes a heuristic, physiologically grounded model that reproduces the subjects' rich behavior with great detail. Thus, we propose to study how perception informs motor planning using time pressure to engage these processes within their natural time scale and dynamics, and relate them quantitatively to psychophysical performance. Oculomotor activity will be recorded from monkeys trained to perform several variants of our urgent choice paradigm. In Aim 1 we will investigate the relationship between exogenous (or bottom-up) attention and motor planning by varying the relative salience of target and distracter during an urgent choice. We hypothesize that the reﬂexive, salience-driven form of attention acts through two speciﬁc mechanisms: acceleration of ongoing motor plans that are spatially congruent with it, and halting of those plans that are spatially incongruent. In Aim 2 we will investigate the relationship between attention, motor planning, and accumulation of sensory evidence by training monkeys to perform an urgent version of the well known random-dot motion discrimination task. In this case, because the locations of the two choice targets are dissociated from that of the stimulus to be discriminated, we expect to observe a tradeoff between stimulus-driven activity (signaling the deployment of attention to the stimulus) and target-driven activity (sig- naling the impending eye movement). Our previous and current preliminary results indicate that we will be able to resolve exquisitely orchestrated interactions between perceptual signals and ongoing motor activity that unfold very rapidly, within a few tens of ms, and are otherwise experimentally inaccessible. We will exploit this capability to draw essential functional distinctions between the frontal eye ﬁeld (FEF) and the lateral intra- parietal area (LIP), and to determine the distinct contributions of classical cell types (visual, visuomotor, and motor) to perceptually guided choices within each of these key oculomotor structures. This work will provide critical insight about how perceptual information is dynamically incorporated into ongoing motor activity, and how this interaction determines saccadic-choice performance.

项目总结/摘要这个项目的目标是研究知觉信息引导大脑活动的神经机制。选择下一步看哪里;特别是，我们建议在紧急决策过程中记录神经元活动以精细的时间分辨率来研究感知如何影响运动规划。神经科学家通常研究选择行为的任务，其中作出知觉判断，然后是运动报告，但这种方法具有局限性。首先，它允许各种隐蔽因素，如注意力，预期或任务困难，邪教被交易对彼此，创造模糊不清，不能通过标准的心理物理解决度量，即，反应时间和选择准确性。其次，序列化抑制了快速、相互的相互作用知觉分析和运动规划之间的动作，通常会产生知情的扫视选择。我们的方法是基于最近开发的一项任务，在这项任务中，决策是紧迫的，这两个问题被最小化。我们的框架还包括一个启发式的，生理接地模型，再现了受试者丰富的行为细节。因此，我们建议研究感知如何通知运动规划利用时间压力使这些过程在其自然时间尺度和动态范围内进行，并将它们联系起来心理生理表现的定量关系将记录接受以下训练的猴的视神经活动：执行我们紧急选择范式的几个变体。在目标1中，我们将研究外源性（或自下而上）的注意和运动规划，通过改变目标和分心物的相对显着性在一个紧急的选择。我们假设反射性、显着性驱动的注意力形式通过两种方式发挥作用具体机制：加速与之空间一致的正在进行的运动计划，以及停止运动计划。那些在空间上不协调的平面图。在目标2中，我们将研究注意力，运动规划，并通过训练猴子执行紧急版本的感官证据的积累，众所周知的随机点运动辨别任务。在这种情况下，因为两个选择的位置目标是从要区分的刺激中分离出来的，我们希望观察到一个权衡，刺激驱动的活动（信号的部署注意的刺激）和目标驱动的活动（信号，限制即将发生的眼睛运动）。我们先前和目前的初步结果表明，我们将能够解决感知信号和正在进行的运动活动之间精心编排的相互作用，在几十ms内非常迅速地展开，并且否则在实验上是不可接近的。我们将利用这种能力，以绘制之间的基本功能的区别额眼场（FEF）和横向内，顶叶区（LIP），并确定经典细胞类型（视觉，视觉，运动）到这些关键眼神经结构中的每一个内的感知引导的选择。这项工作将提供关于感知信息如何动态地融入正在进行的运动活动的批判性见解，以及这种相互作用如何决定扫视选择的表现。