Adaptive changes in HIV-1 subtype C envelope glycoproteins contributing to pathogenicity.

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HIV exists as multiple subtypes. The most commonly studied is type B (B-HIV). B-HIV is common in North America, Europe and Asia, but accounts for only a small fraction of HIV infections worldwide. Type C HIV (C-HIV) in Africa and Asia accounts for the majority of infections worldwide, yet very little is known about how C-HIV causes AIDS. We aim to understand how C-HIV causes AIDS. This is critical for development of drugs and vaccines specifically designed for those who are most urgently need.