Parents' Adverse and Positive Childhood Experiences and their Parenting Practices in the Context of Neighborhood Safety

父母的不良和积极的童年经历及其在邻里安全背景下的养育实践

• 批准号: 10701734
• 负责人: Emily Hoppe
• 金额: $ 4.77万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10701734
• 关键词: 8 year old; Address; Adult; Affect; Baltimore; Behavioral; Buffers; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Child; Child Rearing; Child Welfare; Childhood; Cities; Clinical; Communities; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Dimensions; Emotional; Environment; Exposure to; Family; Family member; Feeling; Goals; Health; Health Promotion; Home; Imprisonment; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Investigation; Low income; Mental Health; Methods; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Perception; Persons; Phase; Policies; Poverty; Process; Psychopathology; Reaction; Recurrence; Reporting; Research; Resources; Role; Safety; Sampling; Schools; Science; Source; Strategic Planning; Surveys; Testing; Urban Community; Violence; adverse childhood events; arm; contextual factors; deprivation; design; experience; health disparity; improved; innovation; intergenerational; multilevel analysis; neglect; neighborhood safety; neurobehavioral; phenomenological models; physical conditioning; prevent; protective effect; protective factors; psychosocial; resilience; response; social; transmission process; urban setting; violent crime; working group

PROPOSAL SUMMARY Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are childhood exposures to potentially traumatic family and community experiences that can have lasting, negative impact on health, are a driver of health disparities, and have potential intergenerational transmission of effects. Preliminary data from the parent study for this proposed study indicate that ACEs are highly prevalent in low-income, urban parents, with 54.7% of 139 parent participants reporting 4 or more ACEs. Positive childhood experiences (PCEs) are relational experiences that confer a sense of safety and nurturance during childhood, such as feeling safe with at least one adult in the home. PCEs are associated with improved physical and mental health. PCEs have the potential to promote positive outcomes even when ACEs are high. Current neighborhood violence is expected to compound the impact of ACEs on parenting practices due to ongoing or recurrent activation of neurobehavioral responses to threat. The purpose of this convergent mixed methods study is to understand how parents' exposures to ACEs and PCEs impact their parenting practices, particularly in the context of living in unsafe neighborhoods by addressing the following specific aims: 1: Test the associations among parents' ACEs, PCEs, and more positive parenting practices in a sample of parents (n=200) raising young children (2-8 years old) in Baltimore. 2: Examine contextual effects of current neighborhood safety (violent crime rate and parent perception) by testing the interactions between threat-type ACEs and neighborhood safety variables, controlling for other neighborhood-level SES characteristics. 3: Understand how parents' own childhood experiences (ACEs and PCEs) influence their parenting practices in the context of low versus moderate to high neighborhood safety. The proposed study will be nested within an ongoing parent study in Baltimore City Public Schools. The proposed study will use baseline data only for a cross-sectional quantitative arm, followed by a qualitative arm that integrates with the quantitative data. Multivariate regression, multilevel modeling, and conditional process modeling will be used to test associations among ACEs, PCEs, and parenting, and then to test these associations and the association with neighborhood safety. In the qualitative phase, indvidual interviews will use an interpretive phenomenological approach to gain a better understanding of the processes and contextual factors that contribute to participants' parenting in the context of neighborhood safety. This design integrates the analysis of associations between ACEs, PCEs, parenting practices, and neighborhood safety with analysis of parents' perspectives on the impact of their childhood experiences on parenting, role of neighborhood safety, and other contextual variables. This research will identify protective factors in the intergenerational transmission of ACEs and uses geospatial data to explore how neighborhoods influence the impact of ACEs and PCEs. It will inform future research on family- and neighborhood-level interventions to promote safe, stable, nurturing relationships in families and neighborhoods to reduce the rate and impact of ACEs.

提案摘要 不利的童年经历（ACE）是对潜在创伤家庭和社区的童年暴露 可能对健康产生持久，负面影响的经验是健康差异的驱动力，并且有 潜在的代际效应传播。来自父母研究的初步数据 研究表明，在低收入的城市父母中，ACE高度普遍，其中139位父母中有54.7％ 参与者报告4个或更多ACE。积极的童年经历（PCE）是关系经验 赋予儿童时期的安全性和养育感，例如与至少一个成年人感到安全 家。 PCE与改善身心健康有关。 PCE有潜力促进 即使痤疮很高，积极的结果也是如此。当前的邻里暴力有望使 由于持续或反复激活神经行为反应，ACE对育儿做法的影响 威胁。这项收敛的混合方法研究的目的是了解父母如何暴露于Aces PCE会影响他们的育儿做法，尤其是在不安全的社区生活的背景下 解决以下具体目的：1：测试父母的ac，pces等之间的关联 在巴尔的摩抚养幼儿（2-8岁）的父母样本（n = 200）样本中的积极育儿做法。 2：检查当前社区安全（暴力犯罪率和父母感知）的上下文影响 测试威胁型ACE与邻里安全变量之间的相互作用，控制其他 邻居级的SES特征。 3：了解父母自己的童年经历如何（ACE和 PCES）在低到中度至高社区安全的背景下影响他们的育儿做法。 拟议的研究将嵌套在巴尔的摩市公立学校正在进行的父母研究中。这 拟议的研究将仅对横截面定量组使用基线数据，然后是定性臂 与定量数据集成在一起。多元回归，多级建模和条件过程 建模将用于测试ACE，PCE和育儿之间的关联，然后测试这些关联 协会和与邻里安全的关联。在定性阶段，不明智的访谈将 使用解释性现象学方法来更好地了解过程和上下文 在社区安全背景下导致参与者育儿的因素。此设计集成了 分析ACE，PCE，育儿实践和邻里安全之间的关联分析 父母对童年经历对育儿的影响的看法，社区的角色 安全和其他上下文变量。这项研究将确定代际的保护因素 ACE的传输并使用地理空间数据探索社区如何影响ACE的影响 和PCES。它将为未来的家庭和邻里级别干预措施提供信息，以促进安全， 稳定的家庭和社区中的关系，以降低ACE的速度和影响。