Parental Influences on Emotion Regulation Pathways Among Youth with and without ADHD

项目总结/摘要 注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）是最普遍的神经发育障碍（即，11%的 青年）。传统上，ADHD被概念化为认知功能障碍;然而， 申请人和其他人强调需要评估情绪功能，以便更好地 将疾病概念化并定制临床护理。情绪失调是一种转诊断因素， 注意力缺陷多动症的青少年中存在，并可能导致不良的学术，功能和社会结果。重要的是， 特定的父母因素可能是儿童情绪发展中的风险或弹性机制 ADHD的治疗。然而，父母对儿童大脑行为协会的影响仍然研究不足， 这个人口。因此，有必要采用多方法方法来确定导致 情绪失调的发展，并确定最危险的青年。建议的主要目标 研究和培训活动是为了制定一个独立的研究方案，审查 注意缺陷多动障碍青少年情绪调节的父母因素情绪失调的评估将是 通过行为报告和杏仁核和皮质之间的静息状态功能连接进行 前额叶皮层的神经网络。申请人已经精通行为 和心理生理学分析的情绪调节多动症，并已完成入门培训， 使用ABCD数据。因此，拟议的培训计划强调以下方面的技能发展：1）儿童神经发育 和精神病理学，2）fMRI数据采集和设计，3）rs fMRI数据分析和解释，以及4） 与有效的科学传播有关的专业发展。拟议的研究旨在审查 父母因素的影响（例如，监测/监督差，高冲突）对情绪调节系统的影响 (i.e.,行为、中枢神经系统）。作为ABCD研究的一部分，大约12，000名儿童参与者 (an估计有1,300名ADHD患者;年龄在9-10岁之间）完成了父母的行为报告。 监测/监督，并接受了功能磁共振成像扫描协议，在此期间，休息状态的功能连接 被测量。父母完成了诊断性临床访谈，并报告了家庭冲突和儿童 失调这些数据将使申请人能够解决两个主要目标：1）检查 父母因素和儿童失调的青少年与和没有多动症，和2）检查协会 父母因素，儿童休息状态功能连接，以及青少年儿童调节障碍之间的关系 没有ADHD。这项工作的最终目标是改善ADHD的特征， 为最危险的青少年提供潜在的治疗目标，并为儿童大脑的纵向工作奠定基础 发展，因为它涉及情感功能和功能结果。这些培训和研究目标 将支持PI Feeney的发展，以获得独立研究员的职业生涯，专注于 父母对儿童大脑发育的影响，特别是情绪失调。

Project Summary/Abstract Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder (i.e., 11% of youth). Traditionally, ADHD has been conceptualized as a disorder of cognitive functioning; however, work by the applicant and others has emphasized the need to assess emotional functioning in order to better conceptualize the disorder and tailor clinical care. Emotion dysregulation is a transdiagnostic factor that is often present among youth with ADHD and can lead to poor academic, functional, and social outcomes. Importantly, specific parental factors may serve as mechanisms of risk or resilience in the development of child emotion regulation in ADHD. However, parental influences on child brain-behavior associations remain understudied in this population. Thus, a multi-method approach is necessary to determine mechanisms that lead to the development of emotion dysregulation and to identify the most at-risk youth. The primary goal of the proposed research and training activities are to develop an independent program of research examining the influence of parental factors on emotion regulation among youth with ADHD. Assessment of emotion dysregulation will be conducted via behavioral report and resting-state functional connectivity between the amygdala and cortical networks encompassing regions within the prefrontal cortex. The applicant is already well-versed in behavioral and psychophysiological analysis of emotion regulation in ADHD, and has completed introductory training on use of ABCD data. Thus, the proposed training plan highlights skill development in: 1) child neurodevelopment and psychopathology, 2) fMRI data acquisition and design, 3) rs fMRI data analysis and interpretation, and 4) professional development related to effective science communication. The proposed study seeks to examine the effects of parental factors (e.g., poor monitoring/supervision, high conflict) on emotion regulatory systems (i.e., behavioral, central nervous system). As part of the ABCD study, approximately 12,000 child participants (an estimated 1,300 with ADHD; aged 9-10 years) completed behavioral reports of parental monitoring/supervision and underwent an fMRI scan protocol during which resting-state functional connectivity was measured. Parents completed a diagnostic clinical interview and reported on family conflict and child dysregulation. This data will allow the applicant to address two primary aims: 1) Examine associations between parental factors and child dysregulation among youth with and without ADHD, and 2) Examine associations between parental factors, child resting-state functional connectivity, and child dysregulation among youth with and without ADHD. The ultimate goal of this work will be to improve characterization of ADHD, to identify potential treatment targets for the most at-risk youth, and to set the stage for longitudinal work on child brain development as it relates to emotional functioning and functional outcomes. These training and research goals will support the development of PI Feeney in obtaining a career as an independent researcher focused on parental influences on child brain development specific to emotion dysregulation.