Research Employing Environmental Systems and Occupational Health Policy Analyses to Interrupt the Impact of Structural Racism on Agricultural Workers and Their Respiratory Health (RESPIRAR)

利用环境系统和职业健康政策分析来中断结构性种族主义对农业工人及其呼吸系统健康的影响的研究（RESPIRAR）

• 批准号: 10689054
• 负责人: Devon C Payne-Sturges
• 金额: $ 72.78万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10689054
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Address; Advocate; Affect; Agricultural Workers; Agriculture; Automobile Driving; Black race; COVID-19; COVID-19 disparity; COVID-19 impact; COVID-19 outbreak; COVID-19 pandemic; Communicable Diseases; Communities; County; Crowding; Crows; Decision Making; Detection; Disparity; Employment; Environment; Environmental Health; Equity; Ethnic Population; Exclusion; Exposure to; Farm; Fright; Goals; Government; Hand; Health; Health protection; Healthcare; Housing; Hygiene; Immigration; Indoor Air Quality; Industry; Inequity; Institution; Interruption; Latinx; Laws; Legal; Linguistics; Longitudinal Studies; Medical; Migrant; Modeling; Occupational Health; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Pilot Projects; Policies; Policy Analysis; Policy Maker; Policy Making; Population; Population Surveillance; Preventive care; Preventive measure; Process; Public Health; Public Housing; Quasi-experiment; Race; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Priority; Respiratory Disease; Risk; Role; SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2; Safety; Seasons; Shapes; Social Distance; Social Policies; Statistical Data Interpretation; Structural Racism; Structure; System; Technical Expertise; Testing; Time; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Virus; Vision; Vulnerable Populations; Water; Work; built environment; care outcomes; care seeking; design; disorder risk; dynamic system; farm worker; future outbreak; future pandemic; health care availability; health care disparity; health inequalities; innovation; interdisciplinary approach; lens; marginalization; minority health; minority health disparity; multidisciplinary; novel; prevent; public health intervention; racial health disparity; racial population; racism; respiratory health; respiratory virus; response; segregation; social; theories; trend

Structural racism (SR) has been defined as the macro level systems, social forces, institutions, ideologies, and processes that interact with one another to generate and reinforce inequities among racial/ethnic groups. The mechanisms of SR are “unseen” and thus understudied and typically not incorporated into public health interventions. For example, 2.5 million hired farmworkers in the U.S., who overwhelmingly are Black and/or Latinx, live in economically segregated communities with substandard and crowded housing conditions, unsafe or limited water that render COVID-19 preventive measures such hand hygiene and social distancing challenging, if not impossible. Additionally, migrant and seasonal farmworkers (MSFWs) are among the lowest paid, lack access to health information, preventive care and medical treatment. These patterns of vulnerability reflect historical exclusion, motivated by anti-Black racism, of farmworkers from federally protected right to organize and other labor protections, labor practices traced to the Jim Crow era, and an immigration and labor policy environment in which MSFWs avoid reporting illness or seeking care for fear of retaliation from employers. COVID-19 has only exacerbated these vulnerabilities; outbreaks of COVID-19 have been reported among farmworkers and agricultural counties in the U.S. have seen disproportionately high rates of COVID-19. Structures of marginalization of MSFWs are not widely considered through the lens of SR. To better protect the health of Black and/or Latinx MSFWs and design an equitable response to the inevitable next pandemic, research is needed to understand and dismantle the structural and institutional drivers of health inequities. Our proposed work aims address this critical need through an innovative community-driven, multilevel and multidisciplinary approach study to: examine the relationships between migrant labor housing policy regimes, indoor air quality, exposure to viruses (e.g., SARS-CoV-2) and respiratory health of MSFWs over time (Aim1); characterize structural pathways through which COVID-19 policy and regulatory responses interact and influence racialized health outcomes among MSFWs through a community-based system dynamics group modeling approach (Aim2); and evaluate the influence of agricultural migrant employment, public health and housing law and policy on COVID-19 epidemics across selected agricultural states using a quasi-experimental study design (Aim 3). These aims address two NIH research priorities:1) understand the impact of SR on minority health and health disparities and 2) inform health care and social policies at all levels on mitigating SR’s impacts on the health of vulnerable populations. Results from our proposed study will inform the design of policies and best practices to counter long-standing mechanisms of SR impacting MSFWs, optimize living and working conditions for better health protections and to control future outbreaks of infectious disease among these invisible and vulnerable workers.

结构性种族主义（SR）被定义为宏观层面的系统、社会力量、制度、意识形态和种族歧视