Training Leaders to Prevent and Reduce Domestic Violence in Their Communities: Experimental Evidence From Peru

摘要 基于性别的暴力(GBV)影响着世界上三分之一的妇女，带来长期的福利后果 对于受害者和家庭，以及对卫生部门、法律系统和经济的间接成本。然而，在那里 对于旨在减少或预防GBV的干预措施的有效性，几乎没有严格的研究。结果, 政策制定一直以“最佳实践”手册为指导，几乎没有确凿的证据。正在形成的共识 集中在多层次和性别变革方法上，但缺乏对 这种方法的有效性或对编程关键组件的洞察力。这个项目的目标是 通过实验评估以下因素的影响，向科学和政策团体提供新的严格证据 秘鲁国营的GBV干预的另一种版本。我们的评估将提供关于 不同计划组件的有效性，评估其成本效益和扩展潜力，并削减 关于GBV变化的潜在机制。这个项目利用了长期的合作伙伴关系。 与秘鲁妇女部(MOW)一起进行一项实验性评估，随机调查250人 行动领袖村(LIA)，卫生部的旗舰GBV项目，培训当地领导人有关性别暴力的知识 和规范。我们通过实验评估了它的两个主要组成部分的影响：基于家庭的模块(HT)， 包括由训练有素的领导人进行家访，以及以小组为基础的模块(GT)，其中包括 由训练有素的调解人组织的性别隔离的小团体。我们将对每种方法进行交叉随机化 评估它们在减少家庭暴力和改变围绕宽容的社会规范方面的效率 暴力和性别角色。这项研究分别理清了这两个模块的影响以及它们的 互动，同时明确解决以前研究的方法论问题。报告来自自我的偏见 报告的措施将通过一个完全私人的自我管理工具和一个大的集群来解决 样本将解决以前研究的统计能力限制。此外，全面的男性和女性 调查工具旨在阐明潜在的机制和潜在的理论框架 GBV。最后，我们的实验设计将使我们能够理清短期和长期影响，以及 不同的交付模式。这是评估政府引导GBV项目的独特机会 在秘鲁和世界各地进行规划，评估其成本效益，并提供关于GBV的科学证据 减少和预防。农业部急于将结果纳入其秘鲁人项目 针对GBV的国家计划。该项目包括通过以下途径指导妇女和福利部决策的政策外展活动 讲习班、政策简报和能力建设会议。我们预计未来的研究将解决以下问题： 将我们的发现外推到其他拉丁美洲国家，并将其与非洲和亚洲的经验进行比较。

Abstract Gender-based violence (GBV) affects one out of three women in the world, with long-term welfare consequences for victims and families, and indirect costs to the health sector, the legal system, and the economy. Yet there has been little rigorous research on the efficacy of interventions that aim to reduce or prevent GBV. As a result, policymaking has been guided by “best-practice” manuals and little robust evidence. An emerging consensus centers on multi-level and gender transformative approaches, but there is a lack of systematic research on the effectiveness of this approach or insight into key components of programming. The goal of this project is to deliver new rigorous evidence to the scientific and policy community by experimentally evaluating the impact of alternative versions of a state-run GBV intervention in Peru. Our evaluation will provide evidence on the effectiveness of distinct program components, assess their cost-effectiveness and potential to scale, and shed light on mechanisms underlying changes in GBV. This project takes advantage of a long-standing partnership with the Peruvian Ministry of Women (MOW) to conduct an experimental evaluation randomized across 250 villages of Leaders in Action (LIA), the MOW’s flagship GBV program that trains local leaders on gender violence and norms. We experimentally assess the impact of its two main components: a household-based module (HT), consisting of household visits by trained leaders, and a group-based module (GT) with education sessions in small gender-segregated groups organized by trained facilitators. We will cross-randomize each approach to assess their efficiency in reducing domestic violence and changing social norms around tolerance toward violence and gender roles. The study disentangles the impact of the two modules separately, as well as their interaction, while explicitly addressing methodological concerns of previous studies. Reporting bias from self- reported measures will be addressed with a fully private self-administrated instrument, and a large clustered sample will address statistical power limitations of previous studies. In addition, comprehensive male and female survey instruments are designed to shed light on the potential mechanisms and theoretical framework underlying GBV. Finally, our experimental design will allow us to disentangle short and long-term effects, and the efficacy of separate delivery modes. This is a unique opportunity to evaluate government programs to guide GBV programming in Peru and worldwide, estimate their cost effectiveness, and bring scientific evidence on GBV reduction and prevention. The MOW is eager to incorporate the results to its programming of the Peruvian National Plan Against GBV. The project includes policy outreach activities to guide MOW’s policymaking through workshops, policy briefs and capacity building sessions. We expect future research to address the accuracy of extrapolating our findings to other Latin American countries and contrast them to experiences in Africa and Asia.