Covid-19 pandemic and changes in the prevalence, patterns, and trajectories of substance use and related health risk outcomes among young adults in WA State

Covid-19 大流行以及西澳州年轻人物质使用流行率、模式和轨迹的变化以及相关健康风险结果

• 批准号: 10705778
• 负责人: Katarina Guttmannova
• 金额: $ 36.93万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-30 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10705778
• 关键词: 19 year old; 21 year old; Acceleration; Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Age Years; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Authorization documentation; Automobile Driving; Behavior; COVID-19 pandemic; Cannabis; Characteristics; Communities; Data; Development; Disparity; Driving While Intoxicated; Economics; Education; Ethnic Origin; Financial Hardship; Frequencies; Funding; Health; Health Surveys; Healthcare; Individual; Intervention; Intoxication; Legal; Link; Longitudinal cohort; Occupations; Outcome; Pattern; Persons; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Problem behavior; Process; Public Health; Race; Recovery; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Role; SARS-CoV-2 infection; Sales; Sampling; Services; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Source; Stress; Subgroup; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Washington; Work; authority; behavioral health; cohort; community-level factor; coronavirus disease; data cleaning; differences in access; disorder risk; experience; high risk; improved; marijuana use; neighborhood disadvantage; pandemic disease; pandemic impact; permissiveness; response; secondary analysis; sex; sociodemographics; stressor; substance use; tobacco products; tobacco user; university student; vaping nicotine; young adult

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted lives and affected behavioral health of many. Unhealthy changes in substance use are a great concern. Early data indicate substance use has changed during the pandemic, particularly for some sub-groups of the population. This project aims to examine changes in cannabis, alcohol, and tobacco use and related health risk behaviors (i.e. driving while—or riding with a driver—under the influence of cannabis, alcohol, and simultaneous effects of cannabis and alcohol) during the course of COVID- 19 pandemic among young adults in Washington State. Specifically, we will address the following questions: What are the patterns of young adult substance use during the pandemic and how do these relate to use before the pandemic both in terms of individual trajectories and normative patterns over the course of young adulthood? What are the predictors of escalation of use vs. desistance from use during the pandemic and what is the role of pandemic stressors in these processes? How do community-level differences in access to resources and access to substances relate to patterns of substance use during the pandemic? To answer these questions, we will use data from the WA Young Adult Health Survey (YAHS) that we collected over the past 7 years with funding from the WA State’s Division of Behavioral Health and Recovery. YAHS is an accelerated longitudinal cohort sequential study of young adults ages 18-25, with cohorts added annually and followed over time (2015-2021). Two cohorts were added after the onset of the pandemic, and five cohorts have longitudinal data spanning the time from before to during the pandemic. These data will be linked with community-level variables (e.g., neighborhood disadvantage, availability of substance use-related outlets and services) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We will assess changes in patterns (e.g., mode of use, sources, frequency, and amount) of cannabis, alcohol, and tobacco use, simultaneous cannabis and alcohol use, and SU-related risk behaviors (e.g., driving while intoxicated) from before to during the pandemic. The role of community-level factors and differences by socio-demographic characteristics (e.g., sex, sexual and gender minoritized status, race/ethnicity, college student status) in these changes will be examined. Moreover, we will examine within-person changes in risk factors such as norms and perceived harm of cannabis, tobacco, and alcohol use and COVID-19 pandemic related stressors by socio-demographic and community-level characteristics. Finally, we will assess within-person changes in substance use and related risk behaviors (e.g., driving while intoxicated), focusing specifically on initiation, escalation, and desistance and their predictors and potential explanatory mechanisms. Findings will inform planning of prevention and intervention efforts aimed at improving health and reducing problem behaviors.

抽象的 COVID-19 大流行扰乱了许多人的生活并影响了行为健康。不健康的变化 物质使用是一个令人非常关注的问题。早期数据表明药物使用在大流行期间发生了变化， 特别是对于某些人口亚群体。该项目旨在研究大麻、酒精、 烟草使用和相关的健康风险行为（即在规定下开车或与司机一起骑行） 大麻、酒精的影响，以及大麻和酒精的同时影响）在新冠病毒感染期间 19 华盛顿州年轻人中的大流行。具体来说，我们将解决以下问题： 大流行期间年轻人的物质使用模式是什么？这些模式与使用有何关系 在大流行之前，无论是在年轻人的个人轨迹还是规范模式方面 成年？疫情期间使用升级与停止使用的预测因素是什么？ 大流行压力源在这些过程中发挥了作用吗？社区层面在获取资源方面存在怎样的差异？ 资源和物质获取与大流行期间物质使用模式有关吗？来回答 这些问题，我们将使用我们在 2017 年收集的西澳年轻人健康调查 (YAHS) 的数据 过去 7 年得到了西澳州行为健康和康复部门的资助。 YAHS 是一个 加速纵向队列序贯研究，对象为 18-25 岁的年轻人，每年增加队列， 随着时间的推移（2015-2021）。大流行爆发后增加了两个队列，并增加了五个队列 拥有从大流行之前到大流行期间的纵向数据。这些数据将与 社区层面的变量（例如，邻里劣势、与药物使用相关的渠道的可用性以及 服务）在 COVID-19 大流行之前和期间。我们将评估模式的变化（例如，使用模式、 大麻、酒精和烟草的来源、频率和数量，同时大麻和酒精 疫情爆发前至疫情期间与 SU 相关的危险行为（例如醉酒驾驶）。这 社区层面因素的作用以及社会人口特征（例如性别、性别和性别）的差异 这些变化中的性别少数地位、种族/族裔、大学生身份）将受到审查。而且， 我们将检查风险因素的个人变化，例如大麻、烟草、大麻等的规范和感知危害。 按社会人口和社区层面划分的饮酒和与 COVID-19 大流行相关的压力源 特征。最后，我们将评估物质使用和相关风险行为的人体内变化（例如， 醉酒驾驶），特别关注开始、升级和停止及其预测因素 潜在的解释机制。研究结果将为旨在预防和干预工作的规划提供信息 改善健康并减少问题行为。