Covid-19 pandemic and changes in the prevalence, patterns, and trajectories of substance use and related health risk outcomes among young adults in WA State

Covid-19 大流行以及西澳州年轻人物质使用流行率、模式和轨迹的变化以及相关健康风险结果

• 批准号: 10705778
• 负责人: Katarina Guttmannova
• 金额: $ 36.93万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-30 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10705778
• 关键词: 19 year old; 21 year old; Acceleration; Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Age Years; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Authorization documentation; Automobile Driving; Behavior; COVID-19 pandemic; Cannabis; Characteristics; Communities; Data; Development; Disparity; Driving While Intoxicated; Economics; Education; Ethnic Origin; Financial Hardship; Frequencies; Funding; Health; Health Surveys; Healthcare; Individual; Intervention; Intoxication; Legal; Link; Longitudinal cohort; Occupations; Outcome; Pattern; Persons; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Problem behavior; Process; Public Health; Race; Recovery; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Role; SARS-CoV-2 infection; Sales; Sampling; Services; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Source; Stress; Subgroup; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Washington; Work; authority; behavioral health; cohort; community-level factor; coronavirus disease; data cleaning; differences in access; disorder risk; experience; high risk; improved; marijuana use; neighborhood disadvantage; pandemic disease; pandemic impact; permissiveness; response; secondary analysis; sex; sociodemographics; stressor; substance use; tobacco products; tobacco user; university student; vaping nicotine; young adult

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted lives and affected behavioral health of many. Unhealthy changes in substance use are a great concern. Early data indicate substance use has changed during the pandemic, particularly for some sub-groups of the population. This project aims to examine changes in cannabis, alcohol, and tobacco use and related health risk behaviors (i.e. driving while—or riding with a driver—under the influence of cannabis, alcohol, and simultaneous effects of cannabis and alcohol) during the course of COVID- 19 pandemic among young adults in Washington State. Specifically, we will address the following questions: What are the patterns of young adult substance use during the pandemic and how do these relate to use before the pandemic both in terms of individual trajectories and normative patterns over the course of young adulthood? What are the predictors of escalation of use vs. desistance from use during the pandemic and what is the role of pandemic stressors in these processes? How do community-level differences in access to resources and access to substances relate to patterns of substance use during the pandemic? To answer these questions, we will use data from the WA Young Adult Health Survey (YAHS) that we collected over the past 7 years with funding from the WA State’s Division of Behavioral Health and Recovery. YAHS is an accelerated longitudinal cohort sequential study of young adults ages 18-25, with cohorts added annually and followed over time (2015-2021). Two cohorts were added after the onset of the pandemic, and five cohorts have longitudinal data spanning the time from before to during the pandemic. These data will be linked with community-level variables (e.g., neighborhood disadvantage, availability of substance use-related outlets and services) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We will assess changes in patterns (e.g., mode of use, sources, frequency, and amount) of cannabis, alcohol, and tobacco use, simultaneous cannabis and alcohol use, and SU-related risk behaviors (e.g., driving while intoxicated) from before to during the pandemic. The role of community-level factors and differences by socio-demographic characteristics (e.g., sex, sexual and gender minoritized status, race/ethnicity, college student status) in these changes will be examined. Moreover, we will examine within-person changes in risk factors such as norms and perceived harm of cannabis, tobacco, and alcohol use and COVID-19 pandemic related stressors by socio-demographic and community-level characteristics. Finally, we will assess within-person changes in substance use and related risk behaviors (e.g., driving while intoxicated), focusing specifically on initiation, escalation, and desistance and their predictors and potential explanatory mechanisms. Findings will inform planning of prevention and intervention efforts aimed at improving health and reducing problem behaviors.

摘要 COVID-19大流行扰乱了许多人的生活并影响了他们的行为健康。不健康的变化， 药物使用是一个令人严重关切问题。早期数据显示，在大流行期间，物质使用发生了变化， 特别是对人口中的一些亚群体。该项目旨在研究大麻，酒精， 烟草使用和相关的健康风险行为（即驾驶时或与司机一起乘坐） 大麻、酒精的影响，以及大麻和酒精的同时作用）， 19在华盛顿州的年轻成年人中流行。具体而言，我们将讨论以下问题： 在大流行期间，年轻成人使用药物的模式是什么，这些模式与使用药物有何关系 在艾滋病大流行之前，无论是从个人轨迹还是从青年时期的规范模式来看， 成年？在大流行期间，使用升级与停止使用的预测因素是什么？ 大流行病的压力因素在这些过程中发挥了什么作用？社区一级在获得 资源和物质获取与大流行期间的物质使用模式有关？回答 这些问题，我们将使用我们在2015年收集的西澳青年健康调查（YAHS）的数据。 在过去的7年里，由西澳州行为健康和恢复部门提供资金。YAHS是一个 在18-25岁的年轻人中进行的加速纵向队列序贯研究，每年增加队列， 随着时间的推移（2015-2021）。在大流行开始后增加了两个队列， 拥有从疫情之前到疫情期间的纵向数据。这些数据将与 社区级变量（例如，邻里劣势，与物质使用有关的销售渠道的可用性， 于2019冠状病毒病大流行前及期间提供服务）。我们将评估模式的变化（例如，使用模式， 来源、频率和数量），同时使用大麻和酒精 使用，以及SU相关的风险行为（例如，醉酒驾驶）。的 社区一级因素的作用和社会人口特征的差异（例如，性，性和 性别少数群体地位、种族/族裔、大学生地位）在这些变化中的作用。此外，委员会认为， 我们将研究风险因素的个体变化，如大麻，烟草， 按社会人口统计及社区层面划分的饮酒情况及COVID-19疫情相关压力因素 特色最后，我们将评估物质使用和相关风险行为（例如， 醉酒驾驶），特别关注启动，升级和停止及其预测因素， 潜在的解释机制。调查结果将为预防和干预工作的规划提供信息， 改善健康和减少问题行为。