Social Isolation and Discrimination as Stressors Influencing Brain-Gut Microbiome Alterations among Filipino and Mexican American

社会孤立和歧视作为影响菲律宾人和墨西哥裔美国人脑肠微生物组变化的压力源

• 批准号: 10850290
• 负责人: ARPANA GUPTA
• 金额: $ 5.57万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2025-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10850290
• 关键词: Accelerometer; Address; Affect; Affective; Anatomy; Aromatic Amino Acids; Asian; Autonomic nervous system; Bacteroidetes; Behavior; Behavioral; Biology; Blood specimen; Body mass index; Brain; Brain region; Calories; Cells; Chronic Disease; Clinical; Cognitive; Communication; Communities; Complex; Cues; Data; Desire for food; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Diet Records; Dietary Practices; Disease; Disinhibition; Dopamine; Eating; Eating Behavior; Enrollment; Environmental Impact; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic Population; Exposure to; Feces; Feeding behaviors; Filipino American; Firmicutes; Food; Functional disorder; Gene Expression Profile; Health; Heart Diseases; Hour; Hypothalamic structure; Immune; Inequality; Intervention; Knowledge; Kynurenine; Latinx; Lead; MRI Scans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Mediating; Metagenomics; Mexican; Mexican Americans; Neurologic; Obesity; Overweight; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Phenotype; Physical activity; Play; Positioning Attribute; Process; Public Health; Questionnaires; Race; Research; Research Support; Rewards; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Serum; Shotguns; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Skin; Social Discrimination; Social isolation; Stress; Subgroup; Surveys; System; Systems Biology; Techniques; Testing; Tryptophan; Woman; advanced analytics; blood-brain barrier crossing; brain magnetic resonance imaging; craving; data integration; dietary; dysbiosis; environmental stressor; ethnic difference; ethnic disparity; ethnic minority; food consumption; gut microbes; gut microbiome; gut microbiota; gut-brain axis; health disparity; immune activation; learning strategy; machine learning method; metabolomics; microbial; microbiome; microbiome alteration; multiple data sources; neuroimaging; neurotransmission; novel; novel therapeutic intervention; obesity development; obesity risk; obesogenic; recruit; response; sex; social culture; social influence; social stressor; stool sample; stressor; supervised learning; unsupervised learning; waist circumference

ABSTRACT Obesity is a major public health problem that is related to a variety of illnesses, such as heart disease and diabetes. Prior research indicates that social stressors contribute to risk for obesity, possibly through alterations in diet and physical activity. However, it is not fully clear how these alterations contribute to obesity. In this study, we examine how the stressors of social isolation and discrimination are related to eating behaviors and dietary patterns, and further, how these behaviors affect the brain-gut-microbiome (BGM) axis. Our prior research has suggested that BGM alterations play an important role in the development of obesity. Our study focuses on Mexican and Filipina women because research shows that they encounter a high burden of obesity as well as exposure to social stressors. We will screen and enroll approximately 300 Mexican and Filipina women who will then provide information about social stressors via a survey, dietician-administered 24-hour food recall, measured anthropometrics (e.g. waist circumference), questionnaire data regarding diet and eating behaviors, and accelerometer data on physical activity. Stool and serum to determine microbial-related measures (16sRNA sequencing, shotgun metagenomics, and metabolomics), and MRI to assess brain alterations in the extended reward network will be collected. Advanced multivariate analytic techniques will be used to integrate data from multiple data sources (neuroimaging, microbiome and metabolite profiles, survey data, diet, and clinical/behavioral data). This analysis will determine the unique variance associated with ethnicity and social stressors in moderating eating behaviors and dietary patterns, and the BGM axis related to obesity. An integrated systems investigative approach such as the one proposed is a critical step to understanding the mechanisms contributing to obesity. Further the impact of how environmental stressors “get under the skin” and impact eating behaviors and diet patterns and the BGM axis is important in addressing health disparities in ethnic groups and in women. This premise guides the specific aims of this proposal: Aim A: We will phenotype the influence of stressors on brain signatures and eating patterns in obesity. Aim B: We will phenotype the influence of stressors on gut microbiome and metabolites in obesity. Aim C: We will apply advanced analytical techniques in order to determine ethnic differences in the influence of stressors on the BGM axis in obesity. The results of this study will provide novel information about a possible pathway whereby social stressors affect behavioral, neurological and microbiome mechanisms related to obesity risk. It will also provide new information in BGM patterns in two understudied ethnic groups. In the long term, this research may suggest possible approaches for intervention that may help reduce inequalities in obesity and related health problems.

摘要 肥胖是一个主要的公共卫生问题，它与各种疾病有关，如心脏病 和糖尿病先前的研究表明，社会压力因素可能通过以下方式增加肥胖风险： 饮食和体力活动的改变。然而，目前还不完全清楚这些变化如何导致肥胖。 在这项研究中，我们研究了社会孤立和歧视的压力源是如何与饮食有关的 行为和饮食模式，以及这些行为如何影响脑-肠-微生物组（BGM）轴。 我们先前的研究表明，BGM的改变在肥胖的发展中起着重要作用。 我们的研究主要集中在墨西哥和菲律宾妇女，因为研究表明， 肥胖以及暴露于社会压力的风险。 我们将筛选并招募大约300名墨西哥和菲律宾妇女， 通过一项调查，营养师管理的24小时食物召回，测量社会压力源的信息 人体测量学（例如腰围），关于饮食和饮食行为的问卷调查数据，以及 身体活动的加速计数据。粪便和血清测定微生物相关指标（16 sRNA 测序，鸟枪宏基因组学和代谢组学），以及MRI来评估延长的脑损伤中的脑改变。 网络奖励将被收集。先进的多元分析技术将用于整合数据， 多个数据源（神经成像、微生物组和代谢物谱、调查数据、饮食和 临床/行为数据）。该分析将确定与种族和社会相关的独特差异 调节饮食行为和饮食模式的压力源，以及与肥胖相关的BGM轴。一个 综合系统调查方法，如一个建议是一个关键步骤，以了解 导致肥胖的机制。进一步研究环境压力如何“深入皮肤”的影响 和影响饮食行为和饮食模式和BGM轴是重要的，在解决健康差距， 民族和妇女。这一前提指导了本提案的具体目标：目标A：我们将表型 压力源对肥胖者大脑信号和饮食模式的影响。目的B：我们将表型 压力源对肥胖症患者肠道微生物组和代谢物的影响。目标C：我们将应用先进的分析 技术，以确定在肥胖症的BGM轴上的压力源的影响的种族差异。 这项研究的结果将提供新的信息，一个可能的途径， 压力源影响与肥胖风险相关的行为、神经和微生物组机制。它还将提供 两个未充分研究的种族群体中BGM模式的新信息。从长远来看，这项研究可能 提出可能有助于减少肥胖和相关健康不平等的干预方法 问题