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Targeting Immune-Responsive Gene 1 (Irg1) and Itaconate for Cardioprotection of the Donor Heart for Transplantation

靶向免疫反应基因 1 (Irg1) 和衣康酸对移植供体心脏进行心脏保护

基本信息

批准号：
10895712
负责人：
Paul Tang
金额：
$ 67.09万
依托单位：
MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-08-01 至 2027-07-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10895712
关键词：
Acetylation Alkylation Animals Anti-Inflammatory Agents Antiepileptic Agents Antioxidants Biology Cardiac Cardiac Myocytes Cardiac Output Cell Culture Techniques Cells Cessation of life Citric Acid Cycle Clinical Cre lox recombination system Cre-LoxP Cryopreservation Cysteine Data Dependovirus Endothelial Cells Enhancers Enzymes Epilepsy Erythroid Exposure to Family suidae Future Genes Geography Goals HDAC4 gene Heart Heart Injuries Heart Transplantation Heart failure Histidine Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Histones Hour Human Immune Immune Targeting Incidence Inflammation Mediators Ischemia Kidney Kidney Failure Knock-out Knowledge Liver Mediating Medical Medical center Messenger RNA Mitochondria Modeling Modification Mus Mutate Myocardial Infarction Myocardial Ischemia Myocardial dysfunction Organ Outcome Output Pathway interactions Patients Perfusion Perioperative Pharmaceutical Preparations Play Proteins Refractory Reperfusion Injury Reperfusion Therapy Research Resources Risk Role Site Stroke Succinates Tamoxifen Techniques Therapeutic Time Transgenic Mice Translations Transplant Recipients Transplantation Treatment Failure Tryptophan United States Food and Drug Administration Up-Regulation Valproic Acid Waiting Lists cardioprotection cell type chromatin immunoprecipitation druggable target efficacy evaluation ex vivo perfusion graft dysfunction heart function heart preservation heme oxygenase-1 immunoregulation improved inducible Cre liver injury mouse model novel novel therapeutic intervention organ allocation overexpression pre-clinical preservation programs protective effect side effect single-cell RNA sequencing superoxide dismutase 1 therapy development transcription factor transplant model

项目摘要

Heart transplantation is considered gold standard therapy for end-stage heart failure. However, demand currently far outstrips supply due to multiple challenges. An important limitation is the occurrence of primary graft dysfunction (PDG) in 10-20% of patients and contributes greatly to adverse clinical outcomes and resource utilization. PGD occurs when donor heart function and output is inadequate end organ perfusion. Risk for significant PDG increases when donor heart preservation time is greater than 4 hours. Valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, is a “Food and Drug Administration (FDA)” approved drug traditionally used for the treatment of epilepsy. We now convincingly demonstrate that addition of VPA can dramatically improve donor heart function and improve ischemic tolerance compared to preservation using Histidine-Tryptophan- Ketoglutarate (HTK) preservation solution alone. This was seen in murine heart reperfusion models in the setting of ex-vivo perfusion and transplantation. Furthermore, we show evidence that VPA achieves this by upregulating tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme Irg1 which produces the anti-inflammatory metabolite “itaconate”. Indeed, our cardiac reperfusion model confirms the impressive upregulation of Irg1 above baseline driven by VPA treatment, and this was accompanied by robust activation of antioxidant pathway mechanisms through Nrf2 transcription factor. Chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that VPA treatment increased Irg1 enhancer activity as indicated by increased occupancy by acetylated H3K27 histone. Importantly, VPA treatment of stored human donor hearts also upregulated Irg1 expression and decreased the expression of inflammatory mediators suggesting translational relevance for large animal and human clinical settings. For this proposal, we plan to: (1) Identify the cell type through which Irg1 acts and we hypothesize that it is most likely through cardiomyocytes (CM) and endothelial cells (EC). The is achieved using transgenic mice with conditional deficiency of Irg1 in these cell types using inducible Cre-Lox technology. We will also examine overexpression models using adeno-associated virus mediated expression Irg1 mRNA. (2) Using cell culture, we will determine whether Irg1/itaconate mediated alkylation modifications on Nrf2 pathway antioxidant proteins impacts their function. We will treat cells with itaconate and then identify as well as mutate relevant alkylation modifications sites at the cysteine residue of antioxidant proteins to determine their importance. (3) We will determine the efficacy of VPA for improving donor heart function and ischemic tolerance in pigs and humans. We will also corroborate mechanisms of VPA mediated cardioprotection identified in murine models. This project has critical clinical implications such as decreasing the PGD incidence, allow transport of donor hearts over longer distances to facilitate organ allocation, and improve clinical transplantation outcomes. Reduction in perioperative donor heart injury by harnessing the cardioprotective effect of VPA and Irg1/itaconate is novel and potentially relevant for preservation of other organs such as the livers and kidneys.

心脏移植被认为是治疗终末期心力衰竭的金标准疗法。然而，需求目前，由于多重挑战，远远超过供应。一个重要的限制是原发性 10-20%的患者发生移植物功能障碍（PDG），并极大地导致不良临床结局，资源利用当供体心脏功能和输出量不充分时，发生PGD。风险当供体心脏保存时间大于4小时时，PDG显著增加。丙戊酸（VPA），组蛋白脱乙酰酶抑制剂，是“食品和药物管理局（FDA）”批准的药物，传统上用于癫痫的治疗我们现在令人信服地证明，添加VPA可以显着改善与使用组氨酸-色氨酸保存相比，单独使用酮戊二酸（HTK）保存液。这在小鼠心脏再灌注模型中观察到，离体灌注和移植的设置。此外，我们证明VPA通过以下方式实现这一点：上调三羧酸循环酶Irg 1，其产生抗炎代谢物“衣康酸”。事实上，我们的心脏再灌注模型证实了Irg 1在基线以上的显著上调， VPA治疗，这伴随着抗氧化途径机制的强烈激活， Nrf 2转录因子。染色质免疫沉淀显示VPA处理增加了Irg 1增强子活性，如通过乙酰化H3 K27组蛋白的增加的占据所指示的。重要的是，VPA治疗储存的人供体心脏也上调了Irg 1的表达，降低了炎性细胞因子的表达。介体提示大动物和人类临床环境的翻译相关性。对于这一提议，我们计划：（1）确定Irg 1作用的细胞类型，我们假设它最有可能通过心肌细胞（CM）和内皮细胞（EC）。这是使用转基因小鼠实现的，使用诱导型Cre-Lox技术检测这些细胞类型中Irg 1的缺陷。我们还将检查过表达使用腺相关病毒介导的Irg 1 mRNA表达的模型。(2)使用细胞培养，我们将确定 Irg 1/衣康酸介导的对Nrf 2途径抗氧化蛋白的烷基化修饰是否会影响其功能我们将用衣康酸处理细胞，然后鉴定并突变相关的烷基化修饰抗氧化蛋白的半胱氨酸残基的位点，以确定其重要性。(3)康贝特人将以 VPA改善猪和人供体心脏功能和缺血耐受性的有效性。我们还将证实了在小鼠模型中鉴定的VPA介导的心脏保护机制。该项目具有重要的临床意义，如降低PGD发生率，使供体心脏的运输时间更长距离，以促进器官分配，并改善临床移植结果。减少利用VPA和Irg 1/衣康酸盐的心脏保护作用对围手术期供体心脏造成损伤是一种新的方法并且可能与保存其它器官如肝脏和肾脏有关。