EPIDEMIOLOGY OF KSHV AND AIDS-RELATED KAPOSIS SARCOMA

描述（改编自摘要）：本研究的目标是 定义HIV-1相关卡波西肉瘤（KS）的流行病学， 可能的致病因子KS疱疹病毒（KSHV）。 提出的历史 多中心艾滋病队列研究（MACS）中嵌套的队列研究， HIV-1感染自然史的纵向前瞻性研究 同性恋/双性恋男子，将解决这些具体目标：（1）确定 KSHV感染在该人群中的患病率和发病率;（2） 确定KSHV的传播途径和 与KS危险因素相关的病毒特征;（3） 确定KSHV进展为KS的比率和生物标志物 血清阳性，HIV-1感染的同性恋男子和可能改变的因素 疾病进展;（4）检查抗逆转录病毒的效果， 在存在KSHV的情况下对KS疾病进展的抗疱疹治疗 感染;（5）检查KSHV在没有 HIV-1和KSHV对HIV-1进展的影响与其在HIV-1中的作用无关。 KS病 作为风险因素进行检查的行为包括： 男性性伴侣和性活动的类型（例如，肛门/生殖器 性交、肛交/口交、生殖器/口交）和 娱乐性药物使用（例如，亚硝酸盐吸入剂）。 寄主特性 包括年龄，种族和免疫状态将作为影响因素进行检查 病毒感染和疾病进展的可能性 其他影响 环境因素，如地理位置和合并感染， 研究，也。 KSHV血清学检测将在选定的 对414名已知血清转化日期的HIV-1血清转化者进行了访问 在1年内和分层随机抽样的400艾滋病毒-1血清阳性和 100名血清反应阴性的男性 KSHV血清阳性率也将在 一项队列研究中的注射毒品使用者样本， MACS。 确定KSHV的流行病学，符合 因果关系的原则，将提供方向，发展行为 和治疗干预措施对KS的发展，并将指导 病毒学和生物学研究确定了 这种疾病。

DESCRIPTION (adapted from the Abstract): The goal of this study is to define the epidemiology of HIV-1 related Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) as it relates to the putative causal agent, KS herpes virus (KSHV). A proposed historical cohort study nested within the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), a longitudinal prospective study of the natural history of HIV-1 infection in homosexual/ bisexual men, will address these specific aims: (1) determine the prevalence and incidence of KSHV infection in this population; (2) determine the KSHV route of transmission and the concordance of characteristics associated with the virus to risk factors for KS; (3) determine rates and biological markers of progression to KS among KSHV seropositive, HIV-1 infected homosexual men and factors which may modify disease progression; (4) examine the effect of anti-retroviral and anti-herpes treatments on KS disease progression in the presence of KSHV infection; and (5) examine the health effects of KSHV in the absence of HIV-1 and the effect of KSHV on HIV-1 progression independent of its role in KS disease. Behaviors to be examined as risk factors include numbers of male sexual partners and types of sexual activities (e.g., anal/genital intercourse, anal/oral intercourse, genital/oral intercourse) and recreational drug use (e.g., nitrite inhalants). Host characteristics including age, race and immune status will be examined as effect modifiers for viral acquisition and disease progression. The effects of other environmental factors such as geographic location and co-infections will be studied, also. KSHV serological testing will be performed on selected visits for 414 HIV-1 seroconverters with known dates of seroconversion within 1 year and a stratified random sample of 400 HIV-1 seroprevalent and 100 seronegative men. KSHV seroprevalence also will be determined in a sample of injecting drug users from a cohort study with protocols similar as the MACS. Establishing the epidemiology of the KSHV, consistent with principles of causality, will provide direction for developing behavioral and therapeutic interventions against the development of KS and will guide virological and biological investigations determining the pathogenesis of this disease.