NEUROCOGNITIVE INDICES OF ATTENTION IN PTSD

创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 患者的神经认知注意力指数

• 批准号: 2034669
• 负责人: JANET L SHUCARD
• 金额: $ 7.56万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-12-15 至 1998-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2034669
• 关键词: attention; brain electrical activity; clinical research; electrophysiology; functional ability; human subject; male; memory; neuropsychological tests; posttraumatic stress disorder; veterans

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is defined by characteristic symptoms that develop following exposure to a distressing event that involves actual or threatened death or serious injury, or a threat to the physical integrity of self or others (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association; 1994). Included in the symptoms of PTSD are disturbances in attention, such as increased arousal, difficulty concentrating, hypervigilance, exaggerated startle response, and heightened physiological reactivity to cues that symbolize or resemble the event. Despite the high prevalence and morbidity of PTSD (Browne & Finkelhor, 1986), comparatively little research has been conducted to advance the understanding of the neurocognitive aspects of this disorder. As pointed out by Charney, et al. (1994), the dearth of neurocognitive research on PTSD contrasts sharply with the large body of investigations of the behavioral, biochemical, and neurophysiological effects of stress in laboratory animals. These animal studies support the notion that neural mechanisms and neurochemical alterations contribute to the etiology and/or the persistence of symptoms associated with PTSD. In this regard, PTSD provides a unique and valuable model of the protracted effects of a traumatic event on human neurobiology and cognition. Based on theoretical issues pertaining to the neurobiological and behavioral symptoms of PTSD, and the neurobiology of attention, the present study is proposed to investigate the neurocognitive aspects of attention in PTSD using both neuropsychological and electrophysiological measures. The subjects will include a sample of Vietnam combat veterans with PTSD, Vietnam combat veterans without PTSD, and civilian controls. Event- related potentials will be obtained using a continuous performance test paradigm under conditions of sustained and focused attention. Neuropsychological measures of attention, memory, and executive functions also will be obtained. The behavioral and electrophysiological measures will provide information about the possible role of disturbances in anterior and posterior attentional systems in the development and maintenance of PTSD symptomatology.

创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 的定义如下： 经历令人痛苦的事件后出现的症状 涉及实际或威胁死亡或严重伤害，或对生命的威胁 自我或他人的身体完整性（DSM-IV；美国精神病学 协会; 1994）。 PTSD 的症状包括以下方面的紊乱： 注意力，例如觉醒增加、注意力难以集中， 过度警惕、夸张的惊吓反应和高度 对象征或类似事件的线索的生理反应。 尽管 PTSD 的患病率和发病率很高（Browne & Finkelhor， 1986），相对较少的研究来推进 了解这种疾病的神经认知方面。正如所指出的 查尼等人提出。 （1994），神经认知研究的缺乏 PTSD 与大量调查形成鲜明对比 压力对行为、生化和神经生理学的影响 实验动物。这些动物研究支持这样的观点：神经 机制和神经化学改变有助于病因学 和/或与 PTSD 相关的症状持续存在。对此， PTSD 提供了一个独特且有价值的模型来解释创伤后应激障碍的长期影响。 对人类神经生物学和认知的创伤性事件。 基于 有关神经生物学和行为学的理论问题 PTSD 的症状和注意力的神经生物学，本研究 建议研究注意力的神经认知方面 使用神经心理学和电生理学测量的 PTSD。这 受试者将包括患有创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 的越南退伍军人样本， 越南退伍军人没有创伤后应激障碍和文职控制。事件- 相关电位将通过连续性能测试获得 持续和集中注意力的条件下的范式。 注意力、记忆力和执行功能的神经心理学测量 也将获得。行为和电生理测量 将提供有关干扰可能产生的影响的信息 前部和后部注意系统的发育和 维持 PTSD 症状。