Properties of nonequilibrium steady states

非平衡稳态的性质

• 批准号: DP140100177
• 负责人: Prof Debra Bernhardt
• 金额: $ 33.55万
• 依托单位: The University of Queensland
• 依托单位国家: 澳大利亚
• 项目类别: Discovery Projects
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 澳大利亚
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://dataportal.arc.gov.au/RGS/Web/Grants/DP140100177
• 关键词: Properties; nonequilibrium; steady; states

A nonequilibrium steady state (NESS) occurs when work is performed on a system and the heat so generated is absorbed by a thermostatting mechanism. The system settles into steady state and its properties no longer change. Almost all experimental systems of interest are in a nonequilibrium state, so understanding NESSs is highly significant. Unlike time stationary equilibrium states, the distribution of microstates in a NESS cannot be described by simple closed form distributions. This project will determine properties, symmetries and extrema of NESS using concepts and theorems developed for studying transient nonequilibrium states, and will also determine if approximate, physically relevant forms of the phase space distributions can be developed.

非平衡稳态（NESS）是指对一个系统做功，产生的热量被一个恒温机构吸收。系统进入稳定状态，其属性不再改变。几乎所有感兴趣的实验系统都处于非平衡状态，因此了解NESS是非常重要的。与时间平稳平衡态不同，NESS中微观态的分布不能用简单的封闭形式分布来描述。该项目将使用为研究瞬时非平衡状态而开发的概念和定理来确定NESS的属性、对称性和极值，并且还将确定是否可以开发相空间分布的近似的、物理相关的形式。