Developing and Evaluating Health and Environmental Messages to Improve Diet in Emerging Adults

项目摘要 不健康饮食和肥胖是心血管疾病(CVD)的主要原因。新兴成年人(18-25岁) 是心血管疾病预防干预措施的关键人群，因为他们的饮食质量较低， 在中老年时期，体重比成年人增加得更快。此外，新兴的成年期是 终身饮食行为和心血管疾病风险轨迹在很大程度上处于不同的发育期 已经成立了。沟通干预，特别是那些吸引新兴成年人对 环境可持续性和个人健康都是一种有希望但尚未得到充分研究的战略 解决这个年龄段的不健康饮食问题。拟议研究的目标是设计并严格执行 评估沟通干预措施，以减少新兴成年人中心血管疾病的饮食危险因素。第一 目的是确定新兴成年人可以容易地进行的特定饮食替代，以降低他们患心血管疾病的风险。 和饮食环境危害。为了确定这些替代，我将分析来自 与食品温室综合数据库相关联的国家健康和营养检查调查 气体排放。第二个目标是发展和优化关于这些的健康和环境信息 饮食替代品。我将开发候选消息，在定性焦点小组中对它们进行预测试，然后使用 对800名初出茅庐的成年人进行随机析因实验，以确定最有效的信息策略。 第三个目标是评估信息干预对食品购买的健康程度的影响。在一个 纵向随机对照试验，我将500名初出茅庐的成年人分配到以下四种情况之一：对照组(否 消息)、健康、环境或健康+环境消息。参与者将每周模拟五次 在网上杂货店购物，分配的信息醒目地显示出来。我会评估 每个消息传递干预措施对购买健康的初始、持续和整体影响，并确定 最有效的消息类型。这项研究将进一步推进NHLBI预防心血管疾病和NIH的战略目标 营养研究目标2-6利用行为科学来倡导和维持健康饮食。此外， 这个奖项将帮助我实现我长期的职业目标，成为一名专注于 针对新兴成年人的有效、可扩展的心血管疾病预防干预措施。在K01的支持下，我将在 我在营养政策方面的专业知识，以填补在以下方面的关键培训空白：1)食品的心血管疾病和环境影响，2) 针对新兴成年人的沟通干预，3)混合方法，4)高级分析技术 纵向研究。我的详细培训计划包括与我的跨学科指导团队在 哈佛大学陈氏公共卫生学院，正式课程、实践研究活动和参与 在会议、研讨会和研讨会上。K01将为我提供专业知识和初步数据 需要成为一名独立的研究人员，成功地在这一领域竞争R01资金。

PROJECT ABSTRACT Unhealthy diet and obesity are major causes of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Emerging adults (ages 18-25) are a crucial group to target with CVD prevention interventions because they have lower dietary quality and experience more rapid weight gain than adults in middle and older adulthood. Moreover, emerging adulthood is distinct developmental period during which lifelong eating behaviors and CVD risk trajectories are largely established. Communication interventions, particularly those appealing to emerging adults’ strong interest in both environmental sustainability and personal health, are a promising but understudied strategy for addressing unhealthy diet in this age group. The goal of the proposed research is to design and rigorously evaluate a communication intervention to reduce dietary risk factors for CVD among emerging adults. The first aim is to identify specific dietary substitutions that emerging adults can readily make to reduce their CVD risk and dietary environmental harms. To identify these substitutions, I will analyze dietary intake data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys linked to a comprehensive database of foods’ greenhouse gas emissions. The second aim is to develop and optimize health and environmental messages about these dietary substitutions. I will develop candidate messages, pre-test them in qualitative focus groups, then use a randomized factorial experiment with 800 emerging adults to identify the most effective message strategies. The third aim is to evaluate the impact of the messaging interventions on healthfulness of food purchases. In a longitudinal randomized controlled trial, I will assign 500 emerging adults to 1 of 4 conditions: control (no messages), health, environmental, or health + environmental messages. Participants will simulate five weekly shopping trips in an online grocery store with their assigned messages prominently displayed. I will evaluate each messaging interventions’ initial, sustained, and overall impacts on purchase healthfulness and identify the most effective type of message. This research will further NHLBI’s strategic goal of preventing CVD and NIH Nutrition Research Objective 2-6 to leverage behavioral science to initiate and sustain healthy eating. Further, this award will help me achieve my long-term career goal of becoming an independent investigator focused on effective, scalable CVD prevention interventions for emerging adults. With support from this K01, I will build on my expertise in nutrition policy to fill critical training gaps in: 1) the CVD and environmental impacts of food, 2) communication interventions for emerging adults, 3) mixed methods, and 4) advanced analytic techniques for longitudinal studies. My detailed training plan includes tutorials with my interdisciplinary mentorship team at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, formal coursework, hands-on research activities, and participation in conferences, workshops, and seminars. The K01 will provide me with the expertise and preliminary data needed to become an independent researcher successfully competing for R01 funding in this area.