Investigating the evolutionary genetics and genomic consequences of sex-ratio meiotic drive in Drosophila
Investigating the evolutionary genetics and genomic consequences of sex-ratio meiotic drive in Drosophila
批准号:
10733936
负责人:
DAVEN C PRESGRAVES
金额:
$30.8万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2023
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
未结题
起止时间:
2023-07-22 至 2027-06-30
关键词:
AllelesBindingConflict (Psychology)Conflict of InterestDNADNA BindingDNA Binding DomainDNA SequenceDNA Transposable ElementsDataDemographyDrosophila genusElementsEnhancersEvolutionExperimental GeneticsExtinctionFamilyFishesGene AmplificationGene FamilyGenesGeneticGenetic PolymorphismGenetic RecombinationGenetic studyGenomeGenomic InstabilityGenomicsHistonesHumanHybridsInfertilityInsectaInvadedKnock-outLinkMammalsMediatingMeiosisMethodsMolecularMolecular BiologyMutationNucleotidesOrganismPhenotypePlantsPopulationPopulation GeneticsPredispositionProcessProductionProtaminesRNARNA InterferenceRecording of previous eventsRecurrenceReproductionResearchResearch Project GrantsResistanceRiskRoleSatellite DNASelfish GenesSex ChromosomesSex RatioShapesSideSmall Interfering RNASpermatidsSpermatogenesisSpermiogenesisSterilitySuppressor GenesSystemTestingThird Generation SequencingWorkX ChromosomeY Chromosomearms raceautosomechromatin remodelingexperimental studyfungusgenetic signaturemalemale fertilityreproductivesperm celltransmission process
中文摘要
项目总结
英文摘要
Project Summary
Eukaryotic genomes contain a diversity of evolutionarily “selfish” genetic elements (SGEs) that obtain
transmission advantages at the expense of their host carriers. SGEs tend to use one of two broad
strategies: over-replicate relative to the host genome (e.g., transposable elements) or distort fair Mendelian
transmission (e.g., meiotic drive elements). Sex chromosomes are especially susceptible to the invasion
and accumulation of meiotic drive elements that, by distorting X versus Y chromosome transmission via
selective sperm-killing, bias progeny sex ratios. Such “sex-ratio drive” can potentiate evolutionary conflicts
of interest between drive genes and drive-suppressors at X-linked, Y-linked, and autosomal loci. Molecular
arms races arising from recurrent bouts of such drive-mediated conflict can have far reaching
consequences for male fertility, for demography (including the potential risk of unisexual population
extinction), for genome evolution, and for speciation. Understanding the genetics, molecular mechanisms,
evolutionary dynamics, and genomic consequences of sex-ratio drive is therefore of paramount importance.
Here we propose to investigate a system of sex-ratio drive and suppression that evolved recently and then,
as expected under molecular arms race dynamics, rapidly diversified among three closely related species of
Drosophila— D. simulans, D. mauritiana, and D. sechellia. Our previous work revealed that, while these
species diverged ~250 Kya and are today reproductively isolated by numerous genetic incompatibilities,
some gene flow has nevertheless occurred among all three. We discovered that the so-called Winters sex-
ratio drive system is part of a family of X-linked, satellite DNA-associated, Dox-like (Dxl) drive genes that
amplified in copy number and diversified in sequence. These Dxl genes encode predicted DNA-binding
sperm-specific histones, which we predict differentially disrupt chromatin remodeling of X- versus Y-bearing
spermatid pronuclei during spermiogenesis. Furthermore, we found that each species possesses two
hairpin RNA-producing autosomal suppressor genes that produce endogenous small interfering RNAs
(esiRNAs) predicted to specialize in the silencing of different subsets of the Dxl gene family. Finally, we
discovered that some Dxl genes and suppressors show population genetic signatures of strong recent
selection and interspecies gene flow. Our research project aims to combine experimental genetics,
molecular biology, third-generation sequencing, and evolutionary genomics methods to dissect Dxl driver-
hpRNA suppressor interactions; to determine the genomic binding targets of the Dxl-encoded histones and
its implications for the evolution of Y chromosome sequence content; and to infer the evolutionary history
and dynamics of Dxl-mediated molecular arms races, including its implications for the evolution of hybrid
sterility and interspecific gene flow.
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