How Scientists Remember a Major Discovery: History and Memory of DNA structure.

科学家如何记住一项重大发现：DNA 结构的历史和记忆。

• 批准号: 7495549
• 负责人: PNINA Geraldine ABIR-AM
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: INDEPENDENT SCHOLAR -- ABIR-AM, PG
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-15 至 2010-09-14
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7495549
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affect; Aging; American; Anniversary; Applied Research; Attention; Basic Science; Books; British; Caring; Case Study; Communities; Constitution; Country; DNA; DNA Structure; Data; Disease; Documentation; Drama; Equilibrium; Ethnography; Europe; European; European Union; Event; Facility Construction Funding Category; Festival; Flare; Forensic Medicine; Fortune; Funding; Future; Gender Issues; Genes; Genetic Counseling; Government; Hand; Health; Health Policy; Hereditary Disease; Human Characteristics; Human Genome Project; Industry; Institution; Justice; Laboratories; Learning; Legitimacy; Life; Light; Manuscripts; Maps; Medical Research; Medicine; Memory; Methods; Molecular Biology; Names; National Health Policy; Newspapers; Outcome; Participant; Play; Policies; Policy Maker; Poliomyelitis; Positioning Attribute; Private Sector; Process; Publications; Publishing; Range; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Ethics; Role; Science; Science Policy; Scientist; Shapes; Societies; Structure; System; Therapeutic; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Vaccines; Work; base; biomedical scientist; cancer genetics; comparative; day; gene therapy; interest; literate; member; programs; response; social; sociologist; success; symposium

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project explores how the discovery of DMA structure became part of our cultural memory, from the publication of the first coherent memory in 1968 until the global celebration of the 50th anniversary of this discovery in 2003, by comparing public memories constructed at the 21st, 40th, and 50th anniversaries of this discovery, (in 1974,1993, and 2003, respectively) The project seeks to clarify the shaping of diverse public memories by specific historical contexts. These contexts range from a quest for distributive justice of scientific credit in 1974, by giving public legitimacy to the counter-memories of DMA "losers"; to a quest for association with the financial bonanza of the biotech industry in 1993; and a quest for popular, postgenomics, therapeutic agendas in 2003. The project further compares the public memory constructed at the 50th anniversary of DMA structure in three culturally and politically distinct spaces, namely US, UK, and EU. The project contrasts the campaign of the British government, named "50 years of excellence in British science" with the European Union's campaign for European integration, and the American campaign for controlling the "Future of Life", while also addressing policy issues of "gender and science". This project also explores what role national health policies had in the emergence of a central place for DNA in cultural memory, in view of the fact that many DMA scientists were sponsored by the British Medical Research Council and the NIH. Finally, the project seeks to clarify how the cultural memory of the last four decades relates to DNA's "actual past", (as opposed to its remembered past) in view of new documentation that became available in the last decade. Key themes and methods include: A) Textual and rhetorical analysis of published memories from the period 1960-2003. B) Archival research on unpublished manuscripts and correspondence of relevant scientists or institutions. C) Participant observation and ethnographic analysis of events at the 50th anniversary in 2003 including interational conferences, exhibitions, plays, TV programs, and newspaper special issues, in the US/ UK/ EU. Lessons from this first ever study to clarify the interplay between DNA history and its public memory will enable us to better address major health challenges in which DNA research and its applications figure centrally, such as cancer, genetic diseases, and aging.

描述（由申请人提供）： 这个项目探讨了DMA结构的发现如何成为我们文化记忆的一部分，从1968年第一个连贯记忆的出版到2003年这一发现50周年的全球庆祝活动，通过比较这一发现21周年，40周年和50周年时构建的公共记忆，（分别于1974年、1993年和2003年）该项目旨在澄清特定历史背景对多样化公共记忆的塑造。这些背景范围从1974年寻求科学信用的分配正义，通过给予DMA“失败者”的反记忆公共合法性;到1993年寻求与生物技术行业的金融富矿的关联;以及2003年寻求流行的后基因组学治疗议程。该项目进一步比较了在DMA结构成立50周年之际，在三个文化和政治上不同的空间，即美国，英国和欧盟构建的公共记忆。 该项目对比了英国政府的运动，名为“50年的卓越英国”。 科学”与欧洲联盟的欧洲一体化运动和美国的 控制“生命的未来”，同时也解决“性别与科学”的政策问题。 该项目还探讨了国家卫生政策在以下方面的作用： 文化记忆中的DNA，鉴于许多DMA科学家是由英国医学研究理事会和国家卫生研究院赞助的。最后，该项目试图澄清过去四十年的文化记忆如何与DNA的“实际过去”（而不是其记忆中的过去）联系起来，因为在过去十年中出现了新的文献。关键主题和方法包括： A）对1960-2003年期间出版的回忆录进行文本和修辞分析。 B）对有关科学家或机构未发表的手稿和信件的档案研究。 C）参与者观察和民族志分析的事件在50周年纪念日在2003年，包括国际会议，展览，戏剧，电视节目，和报纸特刊，在美国/英国/欧盟。 这项首次研究的经验教训，以澄清DNA的历史和它的公共记忆之间的相互作用， 使我们能够更好地应对DNA研究及其应用所面临的重大健康挑战， 中心，如癌症，遗传疾病和衰老。