Standards of Scientific Conduct

描述（由申请人提供）：讨论负责任的研究行为（RCR）的标准被认为是RCR教育的重要组成部分。然而，几乎没有实证研究已经解决了科学家的共同做法，科学家对理想标准的看法，或如何实践和理想不同的研究学科。我们坚信，科学家最有能力确定和阐明科学行为的某些标准。因此，我们建议对活跃的研究科学家进行调查， 三个领域：数据管理、协作和作者身份。这将通过焦点小组讨论、访谈和调查来完成。认识到不仅在研究领域内，而且在研究领域之间可能会出现差异，因此选择了四个不同的学科进行研究：微生物学，神经科学，护理学和心理学。该项目的两个具体目标是：（1）构建RCR标准全国调查框架（与混合学科和特定学科研究人员小组进行焦点小组讨论）和（2）进行RCR标准全国调查（研究科学家访谈和基于Web的RCR标准调查）。 四个学科的博士课程教师）。研究中的标准差异 将确定学科以及学科之间的差异。这项调查的结果将提供一个以证据为基础的理由RCR课程教师应该教什么样的负责任的行为标准。有效教学的标准 负责任地进行研究将有助于促进公共卫生，促进生物医学研究的诚信。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Discussion of standards of responsible conduct of research (RCR) is recognized as an important part of RCR education. However, almost no empirical research has addressed the common practices of scientists, the views of scientists about ideal standards, or how practices and ideals vary among different research disciplines. We strongly believe that scientists are in the best position to identify and articulate selected standards of scientific conduct. Therefore, we propose to poll active research scientists about standards in three areas: data management, collaboration, and authorship. This will be accomplished with focus group discussions, interviews, and a survey. Recognizing that differences are likely to occur not only within research areas, but also between research areas, four different disciplines have been selected for study: microbiology, neuroscience, nursing, and psychology. The two specific aims of this project are: (1) Construct framework for national survey of RCR standards (focus group discussions with mixed discipline and discipline-specific groups of researchers) and (2) Conduct national survey of RCR standards (interviews of research scientists and Web-based survey of faculty in doctoral programs for each of the four disciplines). Variation of standards within research disciplines as well as differences between disciplines will be identified. The results of this investigation will provide an evidence-based rationale for what RCR course instructors should teach about the standards of responsible conduct. Effective teaching about standards of the responsible conduct of research will help to promote public health by fostering integrity in the conduct of biomedical research.