Histories of Social Engagement and Cognitive Functioning

为了回应修订一套具体目标的要求，我们建议解决我们在2008年6月提交的R 01 AG 032271（“社会参与历史和认知”）中概述的前两个目标。这两个目标可以在2年内完成，并将测试有关潜在的重要假设。从童年到成年后期的社会参与模式与随后的成人认知之间的重要关系。拟议分析的结果将提供有关社会关系是否以及如何影响成人认知的必要信息-这些信息对我们制定有效干预措施以降低认知风险的能力至关重要。随着美国65岁及以上人口的比例（即，那些认知能力差的高风险人群及其相关的医疗保健和其他经济负担）在未来几十年继续迅速增长。“考虑到ARRA的更广泛目标，我们还注意到，拟议的工作将为数据分析师提供两个职位-加州大学洛杉矶分校和布兰代斯各一个。在每一种情况下，这些职位都将被终止，除非由于缺乏足够的替代赠款支持而收到这笔资金。这项申请的资金还将支付研究人员的部分工资，这些研究人员虽然已经在加州大学洛杉矶分校任教，但“完全由研究基金支持，因此，如果没有足够的资金来支付他们的时间，他们的职位必须终止（即，它们不受加州基金的支持）。拟议工作的结果有可能创造更多的就业机会，只要调查结果导致进一步努力制定干预措施-干预措施的制定和随后的实施都涉及新的就业机会。 评审员对我们处理大多数先前评论的方式感到满意。下面，我们对审查者提出的几个剩余问题作出简要答复。总体而言，我们感到满意的是，评审员认为我们“对先前的批评非常敏感”，包括提供“有说服力的信息，即认知评估是认知的一个强有力的衡量标准”，我们是“非常强大和创新的重新提交”。我们也很高兴，评审员认为我们的申请是“高度创新的”，“解决了一个重大问题与创新和健全的方法”，“展示了如何跨学科研究可以整合在新颖和独特的方式”，并“产生了高度的热情”，

In response to the request for a revised set of Specific Aims, we propose to address the first two aims outlined in our June 2008 submission for R01 AG 032271 ("Social Engagement Histories and Cognition"). These two aims can be completed in a 2-year period and would test significant hypotheses regarding the potentially.. important relationships between patterns of social engagement from childhood through later adulthood and · sUbsequentadultcognition. Results of the proposed analyses will provide needed information on whether and how social relationships influence adult cognition - information that is crucial to our ability to develop effective interventions to reduce risks to cognition. Availability of such interventions will only become more critical as the fraction of the US population aged 65 and older (Le., those at high risk for poor cognition and its associated health care and other financial burdens) continues to grow rapidly in coming decades. ' I n consideration for the wider goals of the ARRA, we also note that the proposed work would fund two positions - one each at UCLA and Brandeis - for data analysts. In each case, these are positions that will be terminated unless this funding is received due to lack of adequate alternative grant support. Funding from this application would also cover portions of salaries for investigators who, although already on faculty at UCLA, " 'are supported solely by research funds so that their positions must be terminated if insufficient funding is available to cover their time (Le., they are not supported by State of California funds). Results of the proposed work hold the potential to create further jobs to the extent that findings lead to further efforts to develop interventions - with both intervention development and subsequent implementation involving new job opportunities. The reviewers were satisfied with the way we had addressed the majority of prior comments. Below, we provide brief responses to the few remaining questions raised by reviewers. Overall, we were gratified that reviewers felt that we were "very responsive to prior critiques", including provision of information "persuasive that the cognitive assessment is a strong measure of cognition", and that ours was a "very strong and innovative resubmission". We were also pleased that reviewers felt our application was "highly innovative", "addresses a significant issue with an innovative and sound approach", "demonstrates how interdisciplinary studies can be integrated in novel and unique ways", and "generates a high degree of enthusiasm",