Histories of Social Engagement and Cognitive Functioning

为了回应修订的具体目标的要求，我们建议解决2008年6月提交的R01 AG 032271（“社会参与历史和认知”）中概述的前两个目标。这两个目标可以在2年的时间内完成，并将测试关于潜在的重要假设。从童年到成年后期的社会参与模式与成年后认知之间的重要关系。所提出的分析结果将提供社会关系是否以及如何影响成人认知的必要信息——这些信息对我们开发有效干预措施以降低认知风险的能力至关重要。随着美国65岁及以上人口比例的上升，此类干预措施的可用性只会变得更加关键。在未来几十年里，认知能力低下的高危人群（以及与之相关的医疗和其他经济负担）将继续快速增长。”考虑到ARRA更广泛的目标，我们还注意到，拟议的工作将为加州大学洛杉矶分校和布兰迪斯大学的数据分析师提供两个职位。在每种情况下，这些职位都将被终止，除非由于缺乏足够的替代赠款支持而收到这笔资金。这项申请的资金还将用于支付研究人员的部分工资，这些研究人员虽然已经是加州大学洛杉矶分校的教职员工，但“完全由研究基金支持，因此，如果没有足够的资金来支付他们的时间，他们的职位就必须被终止。”他们不受加州基金的支持)。拟议工作的结果有可能创造更多的就业机会，因为研究结果会导致进一步努力制定干预措施-干预措施的制定和随后的实施都涉及新的就业机会。

In response to the request for a revised set of Specific Aims, we propose to address the first two aims outlined in our June 2008 submission for R01 AG 032271 ("Social Engagement Histories and Cognition"). These two aims can be completed in a 2-year period and would test significant hypotheses regarding the potentially.. important relationships between patterns of social engagement from childhood through later adulthood and · sUbsequentadultcognition. Results of the proposed analyses will provide needed information on whether and how social relationships influence adult cognition - information that is crucial to our ability to develop effective interventions to reduce risks to cognition. Availability of such interventions will only become more critical as the fraction of the US population aged 65 and older (Le., those at high risk for poor cognition and its associated health care and other financial burdens) continues to grow rapidly in coming decades. ' I n consideration for the wider goals of the ARRA, we also note that the proposed work would fund two positions - one each at UCLA and Brandeis - for data analysts. In each case, these are positions that will be terminated unless this funding is received due to lack of adequate alternative grant support. Funding from this application would also cover portions of salaries for investigators who, although already on faculty at UCLA, " 'are supported solely by research funds so that their positions must be terminated if insufficient funding is available to cover their time (Le., they are not supported by State of California funds). Results of the proposed work hold the potential to create further jobs to the extent that findings lead to further efforts to develop interventions - with both intervention development and subsequent implementation involving new job opportunities. The reviewers were satisfied with the way we had addressed the majority of prior comments. Below, we provide brief responses to the few remaining questions raised by reviewers. Overall, we were gratified that reviewers felt that we were "very responsive to prior critiques", including provision of information "persuasive that the cognitive assessment is a strong measure of cognition", and that ours was a "very strong and innovative resubmission". We were also pleased that reviewers felt our application was "highly innovative", "addresses a significant issue with an innovative and sound approach", "demonstrates how interdisciplinary studies can be integrated in novel and unique ways", and "generates a high degree of enthusiasm",