Disparities in Alcohol Problems and Access to Care: Environmental Contributors

酒精问题和获得护理方面的差异：环境贡献者

• 批准号: 7670502
• 负责人: ROLAND STURM
• 金额: $ 27.68万
• 依托单位: RAND CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-10 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7670502
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Alcohol abuse; Alcohols; Area; California; Censuses; Characteristics; Code; County; Data; Data Set; Dimensions; Disadvantaged; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Health; Health Services Accessibility; Individual; Interview; Knowledge; Location; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Play; Policies; Population; Respondent; Role; Schools; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Source; Subgroup; Surveys; alcohol epidemiology; alcohol misuse; alcohol related problem; alcohol research; human subject; interest; metropolitan; novel; novel strategies; public health relevance; tool; underage drinking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project on the epidemiology of alcohol-related problems will integrate data from multiple sources to investigate environmental correlates of underage drinking and adult problem drinking. The relationship between alcohol outcomes and neighborhood environments has been difficult to determine using individual- level population data because human subjects constraints restrict the release and use of geographic identifiers. If location codes are available at all in larger data sets, they may be as crude as a state or metropolitan area identifier. The proposed analytic tools and data are also new in this field. Our objectives coincide with the objectives of Secondary Analysis of Existing Alcohol Epidemiology Data Sets (PA-06-557) in two dimensions: (a) analyzing previously collected data to advance scientific knowledge of alcohol-related epidemiology and (b) applying new approaches to analyze existing data. Our specific aims are to: 1. Integrate individual-level data from the 2001, 2003, and 2005 waves of the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) with data on the respondents' environment. We will derive environmental characteristics for each respondent for various geographic units, beginning with areas smaller than census tracts. 2. Study the relationship between neighborhood characteristics and a) underage drinking and b) problem drinking among adults. We are particularly interested in estimating what size geographic unit is most predictive of alcohol misuse. 3. Document disparities in environmental characteristics that may affect and interact with alcohol outcomes across sociodemographic groups. 4. Examine the extent to which contextual protective factors such as collective efficacy and school environments moderate problem drinking. Public Health Relevance: The project analyzes four important questions for alcohol research and policy: Which environmental and neighborhood characteristics predict problem drinking? How narrow or large is the relevant neighborhood that affects alcohol outcomes? How does that differ for adults versus adolescents? Do these environmental characteristics predominantly disadvantage certain population subgroups?

描述（由申请人提供）：这个关于酒精相关问题的流行病学的项目将整合多个来源的数据，以调查未成年人饮酒和成人问题饮酒的环境相关性。使用个人层面的人口数据很难确定酒精结果与邻里环境之间的关系，因为人类受试者的限制限制了地理标识符的发布和使用。如果位置代码在较大的数据集中可用，它们可能与州或大都市区标识符一样粗略。所提出的分析工具和数据在该领域也是新的。我们的目标在两个方面与现有酒精流行病学数据集的二次分析 (PA-06-557) 的目标一致：(a) 分析以前收集的数据，以推进酒精相关流行病学的科学知识；(b) 应用新方法分析现有数据。我们的具体目标是： 1. 将 2001 年、2003 年和 2005 年加州健康访谈调查 (CHIS) 中的个人数据与受访者环境数据相结合。我们将从小于人口普查区的区域开始，得出各个地理单元的每位受访者的环境特征。 2. 研究邻里特征与 a) 未成年人饮酒和 b) 成年人饮酒问题之间的关系。我们特别感兴趣的是估计多大的地理单位最能预测酒精滥用。 3. 记录可能影响不同社会人口群体的酒精结果并与之相互作用的环境特征差异。 4. 检查集体效能和学校环境等环境保护因素在多大程度上缓解饮酒问题。 公共卫生相关性：该项目分析了酒精研究和政策的四个重要问题：哪些环境和社区特征预示着饮酒问题？影响酒精结果的相关邻域有多窄或多大？对于成年人和青少年来说，这有何不同？这些环境特征是否主要对某些人口亚群不利？

项目成果

Estimated number of preterm births and low birth weight children born in the United States due to maternal binge drinking.

• DOI: 10.1007/s10995-012-1048-1
• 发表时间: 2013-05
• 期刊: Maternal and child health journal
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: Truong KD;Reifsnider OS;Mayorga ME;Spitler H
• 通讯作者: Spitler H