Emotional and Behavioral Consequences of Sleep Deprivation in Adolescence

描述（由申请人提供）：青春期是一个健康的悖论;它是一个高峰期的健康和力量，但它也与增加发病率和死亡率相比，其余的生命跨度。强烈的冒险倾向被认为与青少年的高事故率、精神病理学和死亡率有关。睡眠不足已成为一个严重的公共健康问题，影响了大约45%的美国青少年。早睡早起是正常的。几项研究调查了青春期睡眠与健康之间的关系，并揭示了睡眠不足与不良后果之间的联系，如事故增加，心理病理学和死亡率。然而，缺乏研究重点是确定可能导致这些不良后果的风险承担的可改变因素。这项拟议中的研究旨在从经验上评估睡眠不足会增加青少年冒险行为的假设。在受试者内实验设计中，来自三个年龄组（10-13岁的青春期前/早期青少年、13-16岁的青春期中/晚期青少年和30-60岁的成年人）的参与者将进入实验室并经历两种实验条件， 两周的时间;休息状态和睡眠剥夺状态。在休息和睡眠剥夺条件下，将检查冒险行为测量（气球固定风险任务; BART; Lejuez et al，2002）的表现。青春期中期/晚期青少年将是本研究的主要目标，因为这是报告白天嗜睡最多的年龄组（Carskadon et al，2004），也是报告最容易出现情绪和行为问题的年龄组（Dahl & Lewin，2002）。如果冒险倾向确实像假设的那样对睡眠剥夺敏感，那么其影响将是深远的，因为更高的冒险倾向与驾驶事故，酒精和药物使用以及性风险的增加有关。如果没有睡眠剥夺和危险行为的对照研究，科学家和公共政策制定者只能猜测这些重要问题。这种知识对于（a）为指导公共政策提供经验基础（例如，可能需要推迟开学时间），（B）为健康运动提供经验基础（例如，（c）提供经验基础，以制订针对青少年睡眠和情感功能困难的干预措施。这项研究将提供手段，使青少年有机会充分发挥其健康和富有成效的生活的潜力，并确保他们的独立性和福祉，使他们能够安全地应对这一发展阶段的挑战。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adolescence is a health paradox; it is a time of peak health and strength, however it is also strongly associated with increased morbidity and mortality compared to the rest of the life span. Strong propensity toward taking risks is thought to be associated with high rates of accidents, psychopathology and mortality among adolescents. Inadequate sleep has emerged as a serious public health problem, affecting roughly 45% of American adolescents. Late bed times and early school start times are the norm. Several studies have examined the relationship between sleep and health in adolescence and have revealed a link between sleep deprivation and adverse consequences such as increased accidents, psychpathology and mortality. However, there is a dearth of research focused on identifying modifiable contributors to the risk taking that likely underpins these adverse consequences. The proposed research aims to empirically evaluate the hypothesis that sleep deprivation increases adolescent risk taking. In a within subjects experimental design, participants from three age groups (pre/early pubertal adolescents age 10-13, mid/late pubertal adolescents age 13-16 and adults age 30-60) will come in to the laboratory and undergo two experimental conditions over a two week period; a rested condition and a sleep deprived condition. Performance on a behavioral measure of risk taking (Balloon Analogue Risk Task; BART; Lejuez et al, 2002) will be examined after both the rested and sleep deprived conditions. Mid/late pubertal adolescents will be the main target of this research since this is the age group who are reporting the most daytime sleepiness (Carskadon et al, 2004) and the age group that is reported to be the most vulnerable to emotion and behavior problems (Dahl & Lewin, 2002). If risk taking propensity is indeed sensitive to sleep deprivation as hypothesized, the implications are far reaching as a higher propensity toward taking risks is associated with an increase in driving accidents, alcohol and drug use, and taking sexual risks. Without controlled studies of sleep deprivation and risky behaviors, scientists and public policy makers can only guess about these important issues. Such knowledge is critical for (a) providing an empirical basis for guiding public policy (e.g., school start times may need to be later), (b) providing an empirical basis for health campaigns (e.g., information to parents about how to encourage better sleep in their teens) and (c) providing an empirical basis for developing interventions for sleep and affective functioning difficulties among youth. This research will provide means of giving adolescents the chance to achieve their full potential for healthy and productive lives, and to ensure their independence, and well-being, so they can safely navigate the challenges of this phase of development.