Measuring Student Exposure to ETS and College Receptivity to Environmental Change

衡量学生接触 ETS 的情况和大学对环境变化的接受程度

• 批准号: 7548171
• 负责人: Mark Wolfson
• 金额: $ 16.24万
• 依托单位: WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-01-03 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7548171
• 关键词: Address; Administrator; Adolescent; Age; Air; Classification; Coffee; Communities; Community Trial; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Development; Ensure; Environment; Exclusion Criteria; Exposure to; Gender; Goals; Indoor Air Quality; Intervention; Intervention Trial; Interview; Knowledge; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; North Carolina; Online Systems; Policies; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials; Readiness; Research; Research Infrastructure; Restaurants; Rosa; Sample Size; Sampling; Schools; Smoke; Smoking; Smoking Status; South Carolina; Students; Surveys; Tennessee; Testing; Tobacco; Tobacco Industry; Tobacco use; Universities; Virginia; air monitoring; alcohol related consequences; college; design; environmental change; high risk drinking; informant; innovation; insight; prevent; reduce tobacco use; success; university student

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this study is to conduct pilot research that will inform the development of a randomized campus/community trial to reduce college student smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke. The trial will build on the success of the approach used in the Study to Prevent Alcohol-Related Consequences (SPARC), a 10-school randomized trial to change the culture and environment on the college campus and surrounding community to reduce high-risk drinking and alcohol-related consequences among college students. The first specific aim of this project is to collect and analyze data that will inform the design of the intervention for the trial. To achieve this aim, we will develop and implement a web-based survey of college administrators from 54 colleges and universities in North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. We will also conduct key informant interviews with a smaller sample of administrators and college students. Results from the survey and interviews will provide insight as to how to frame the problem to college administrators, identify criteria on which to select schools to be included in the trial, and identify policies and practices that college administrators may be willing to implement on their campus. The second specific aim is to develop methods for the systematic assessment of exposure to secondhand smoke among college students. Two methods will be used to measure air quality. The first is microenvironment indoor air quality monitoring, which involves measuring air quality in specific venues in and around the college campus that are likely to be populated by college students. The second approach, personal air monitoring, involves continuous measurement of air quality by a sample of college students throughout the course of their normal day. This will enable us to estimate average daily exposure to secondhand smoke, as well as the ways in which frequenting different kinds of venues is related to students' exposure. It will also enable us to estimate the within-student and within-campus intra-class correlation coefficients needed to calculate the sample size necessary for a follow-on randomized campus/community trial. Innovative features of the proposed study include its focus on the postsecondary setting, assessment of colleges' receptivity to an environmental approach, and measurement of exposure to secondhand smoke among college students, which has not been attempted previously.7. Project Narrative Tobacco use among college students is an important public health issue. Although smoking rates among adolescents have declined, smoking rates by college students rose dramatically during the 1990s and have remained stable in recent years. The goal of this study is to conduct pilot research that will inform the development of a randomized trial to reduce tobacco use and exposure to secondhand smoke among college students.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的目的是开展试点研究，为随机校园/社区试验的发展提供信息，以减少大学生吸烟和二手烟暴露。该试验将建立在“预防酒精相关后果研究”（SPARC）方法的成功基础上。SPARC是一项10所学校的随机试验，旨在改变大学校园及周边社区的文化和环境，以减少大学生的高风险饮酒和酒精相关后果。该项目的第一个具体目标是收集和分析数据，这些数据将为试验干预措施的设计提供信息。为了实现这一目标，我们将开发并实施一项基于网络的调查，调查对象是来自北卡罗莱纳州、南卡罗来纳州、田纳西州和弗吉尼亚州的54所高校的管理人员。我们还将对一小部分管理人员和大学生进行关键信息提供者访谈。调查和访谈的结果将为如何向大学管理者提出问题，确定选择纳入试验的学校的标准，以及确定大学管理者可能愿意在其校园实施的政策和实践提供见解。第二个具体目标是制定系统评估大学生二手烟暴露的方法。将采用两种方法来测量空气质量。第一个是微环境室内空气质量监测，包括测量大学校园内和周围可能有大学生居住的特定场所的空气质量。第二种方法，个人空气监测，包括在正常的一天中，由大学生样本连续测量空气质量。这将使我们能够估计平均每天接触二手烟，以及频繁出入不同场所与学生接触二手烟的关系。它还将使我们能够估计学生内部和校园内班级内的相关系数，以计算后续随机校园/社区试验所需的样本量。7.本研究的创新之处在于其对高等教育背景的关注，对大学对环境方法的接受程度的评估，以及对大学生二手烟暴露程度的测量，这些都是以前没有尝试过的。大学生吸烟是一个重要的公共卫生问题。尽管青少年的吸烟率已经下降，大学生的吸烟率在20世纪90年代急剧上升，近年来一直保持稳定。这项研究的目的是进行一项试点研究，为一项随机试验的发展提供信息，以减少大学生的烟草使用和二手烟暴露。