Smart Home-based Health Platform for Behavioral Monitoring Diabetes and Obesity

描述（由申请人提供）：用于糖尿病和肥胖个体行为监测和改变的基于智能家居的健康平台长期以来，社会科学和生命科学领域的研究人员以及医学研究人员和从业人员一直在寻求能够连续和自动监测研究对象或患者的各种状况或疾病。此外，在实时约束下使用监测数据来影响治疗剂量或方案是心理、医学和运动医学治疗行为矫正实践的重要目标。在与保健有关的实际限制方面，美国在以每位病人的合理单位成本提供可接受的服务质量方面面临若干重大障碍。首先，肥胖、糖尿病、心脏病和中风只是患者不遵守饮食、运动和药物治疗的几个表现。其次，阿尔茨海默病和其他与老年相关的疾病，尽管病因不同，但有可能使我们的卫生保健服务和维护系统超负荷，造成潜在的严重经济影响。例如，在过去的二十年里，超重和肥胖的流行率在美国以惊人的速度增长。最近来自疾病控制和预防中心（2004年）的数据显示，佛罗里达州60%的成年人超重或肥胖。超重会导致许多有害的后果，包括糖尿病、心脏病、高血压、中风、关节炎和某些癌症。久坐不动的生活方式和高热量摄入是肥胖流行和许多慢性疾病发展的重要因素。众所周知，饮食和运动可以显著降低肥胖的患病率。然而，生活方式和经济因素使个体难以自我评估和自我调整自己的行为。例如，美国和国外的研究发现，改善血糖控制对糖尿病患者有显著好处。糖化血红蛋白血检结果每降低一个百分点，眼睛、肾脏和中枢神经系统并发症的风险就会降低40%。为了应对生命科学研究和医疗保健领域的这些重大挑战，我们建议开发一个由经济可部署的连接技术和个人可穿戴设备组成的监测和分析平台。这将使以对患者透明的方式自动收集丰富的行为信息成为可能，这些信息将被自动或人工分析并报告给护理人员进行分析，并解释为个人或社交网络环境中的行为修正。拟议的原型和研究将促进生命科学和医学的跨学科发现和创新，并将促进行为改变，以支持社会、行为和医学科学的研究。为此，将在互联网和万维网上传播研究成果，并举办培训研讨会和课程设计，以促进对将使用拟议技术的学生、研究人员和医疗专业人员的教育和培训。拟议的项目将为社会科学和生命科学的研究人员以及医学研究人员和从业人员提供高级工具，用于持续和有影响力的自动化远程监测和干预。拟议的项目利用技术进步，以较低的每位患者单位成本实现更高质量的医疗保健。该建议将重点放在肥胖和糖尿病的管理上，将使越来越多的人口受益，同时为其他医疗保健问题和实践提供更广泛的适用基础。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): SmartHome-based Health Platform for Behavioral Monitoring and Alteration for Diabetic and Obese Individuals Executive Summary. Researchers in the social and life sciences, as well as medical researchers and practitioners, have long sought the ability to continuously and automatically monitor research subjects or patients for a variety of conditions or disorders. Additionally, the use of monitoring data to influence treatment dosage or regimen within real-time constraints is an important objective of behavior modification practice for psychological, medical, and sports-medicine therapies. In terms of practical constraints related to health care, the United States faces several important obstacles to delivering acceptable quality-of-service at a reasonable unit cost per patient. Firstly, obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and stroke are but a few manifestations of patient noncompliance with respect to diet, exercise, and medication. Secondly, Alzheimer's and other senility-related disorders, although of different etiology, threaten to overload our health care delivery and maintenance systems, resulting in potentially severe economic impact. As one example, over the past two decades the prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased at an alarming rate throughout the U.S. Recent data from the Centers for Disease Control and Preventions (2004) show that 60% of all adults in Florida are overweight or obese. Excess body weight contributes to numerous harmful consequences, including diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, stroke, arthritis, and certain cancers. Sedentary lifestyle and high caloric intake are important contributors to the obesity epidemic and to the development of many chronic diseases. It is well known that diet and exercise can significantly reduce the prevalence of obesity. However, lifestyle and economical factors makes it difficult for individuals to self-assess and self-modify their behavior. For example, studies in the United States and abroad have found that improved blood glucose control markedly benefits people with diabetes. Every percentage point decrease in A1C blood test results reduces the risk of eye, kidney and central nervous system complications by 40 percent. In response to these significant challenges in life sciences research and healthcare, we propose to develop a monitoring and analysis platform consisting of economically deployable connectivity technology and personal wearable devices. This will enable the automatic gathering of rich behavioral information in a manner transparent to the patient, which will be automatically or humanly analyzed and reported to care givers for analysis, and interpreted for behavior modification in individuals or in the context of a social network. The proposed prototype and research will foster cross-disciplinary discoveries and innovations in the life sciences and medicine, and will facilitate behavior modification in support of research in social, behavioral, and medical science. This will be achieved through dissemination of research results on the Internet and World- Wide Web, as well as training seminars and curriculum design to facilitate the education and training of students, researchers, and medical professionals who will use the proposed technology. SmartHome-based Health Platform for Behavioral Monitoring and Alteration for Diabetic and Obese Individuals Project Narrative The proposed project will empower researchers in the social and life sciences, as well as medical researchers and practitioners with high tools for continuous and impact automated remote monitoring and intervention. The proposed project exploits technological advances to realize a higher quality healthcare at a lower unit cost per patient. The proposal focus on the management of obesity and diabetes will benefit a large and growing segment of the population, while providing a wider applicable foundation for other healthcare problems and practices.