STUDIES OF IRON TRANSPORT AND HOMEOSTASIS; STUDIES OF ARCHAEAL VIRUS

铁运输和体内平衡的研究；

• 批准号: 7598073
• 负责人: CHARLES MARTIN LAWRENCE
• 金额: $ 0.4万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-01 至 2008-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7598073
• 关键词: Age; Anemia; Archaeal Genome; Archaeal Viruses; Bacteria; Bacteriophages; Biochemical Genetics; Biotechnology; Cessation of life; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Databases; Disease; Enzymes; Eukaryota; Eukaryotic Cell; European; Family; Frequencies; Funding; Grant; Hand; Hereditary hemochromatosis; Homeostasis; Homologous Gene; Institution; Iron; Iron Overload; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Proteins; Proteomics; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Source; Structure; Sulfolobus solfataricus; Trees; United States National Institutes of Health; Viral; Viral Genes; Viral Proteins; Virus; deprivation; numb protein; thermophilic organism

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. On one hand, more than 1 BILLION people world-wide suffer from anemia (iron deprivation). On the other, hereditary hemochromatosis (iron overload) is the most prevalent autosomal recessive disease known with a carrier frequency of approximately 1 in 10, in people of northern European extraction. In addition, many other diseases of iron overload are known, often leading to death by age 50. We are engaged in structural studies of a number of proteins involved mammalian iron transport and homeostasis. Some of these proteins have homologues in thermophilic organisms, thus we have also undertaken structural studies of iron transport in Sulfolobus solfataricus. A second project focuses on structural studies of Archaeal viruses. More than 5,000 viruses and phage are known that infect bacteria and the eukaryotes, however, less than 35 Archaeal viruses have been identified, primarily because people are just beginning to look for them. The first Archaeal genomes have now been sequenced, and they generally show a lack of homology with the public databases. Thus it is difficult to assign function to these viral genes without direct biochemical and genetic studies. In two cases, we have demonstrated that the structures of these viral proteins can suggest function, and we are now engaged in a small scale structural proteomics effort focused on the type viruses of several crenarchaeal virus families. This will help to sketch in the viral life cycles for the viruses from this third branch in the tree of life, and may also identify thermostable enzymes with potential uses in biotechnology.

该子项目是利用该技术的众多研究子项目之一 资源由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 研究者 (PI) 可能已从 NIH 的另一个来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他 CRISP 条目中表示。列出的机构是 对于中心来说，它不一定是研究者的机构。 一方面，全世界有超过 10 亿人患有贫血（缺铁）。 另一方面，遗传性血色素沉着症（铁超载）是已知的最常见的常染色体隐性遗传疾病，在北欧血统的人群中，其携带频率约为十分之一。 此外，许多其他铁超载疾病也是已知的，通常会导致 50 岁之前死亡。我们正在进行许多涉及哺乳动物铁转运和体内平衡的蛋白质的结构研究。 其中一些蛋白质在嗜热生物中具有同源物，因此我们还对硫磺硫化叶菌中的铁转运进行了结构研究。 第二个项目侧重于古细菌病毒的结构研究。 已知有超过 5,000 种病毒和噬菌体感染细菌和真核生物，但是，已鉴定出的古细菌病毒不到 35 种，这主要是因为人们才刚刚开始寻找它们。 第一个古菌基因组现已测序，它们通常与公共数据库缺乏同源性。 因此，如果没有直接的生化和遗传学研究，很难确定这些病毒基因的功能。 在两个案例中，我们已经证明这些病毒蛋白的结构可以暗示其功能，并且我们现在正在进行一项小规模的结构蛋白质组学工作，重点关注几个穹顶病毒家族的病毒类型。 这将有助于勾勒出生命树第三个分支的病毒的病毒生命周期，并且还可以识别在生物技术中具有潜在用途的热稳定性酶。