Mechanisms of Articular Cartilage Lubrication

关节软骨是身体中的许多组织之一，相对于关节软骨，它承担着负荷和滑动。 具有显著的摩擦学特性的相对组织表面？低摩擦、低磨损和多种模式的 用来降低摩擦和/或磨损的润滑剂。然而，在衰老和骨关节炎中，关节表面 变得粗糙和侵蚀。这种恶化可能是几个因素导致过度 加载，润滑机构故障，或两者兼而有之。广泛而长期的目标是为 了解相互作用的关节间隔室的机械生物学系统以获得洞察力 探讨关节软骨润滑的机制和后果。这项建议旨在 加深对润滑机理的理解，特别是边界模式的分子基础 滑液对关节软骨的润滑作用。 有待检验的总体假设是关节软骨的边界润滑是通过相互作用发生的。 滑液分子与关节表面的结合，减少边界模式摩擦和磨损，从而 为健康关节的机械维护做出贡献。这一假说表明， 关节腔内某些分子的含量和它们在关节表面的粘附性是关键的决定因素 有效的润滑剂。需要检验的具体假设是： 假设1：通过边界润滑降低软骨-软骨界面摩擦力的SF成分 是Lub/SZP、SAPL和HA，单独作用或联合作用。 假设2：通过边界润滑降低软骨-软骨界面磨损的SF成分 是Lub/SZP、SAPL和HA，单独作用或联合作用。 假设3：生物合成的和实际的SF溶液提供关节软骨摩擦和磨损 根据Lub/SZP、SAPL和HA的水平以及研究结果确定的属性 假设1和2。 为了解决每一种假设，建议从切除的组织水平的研究开始 软骨对软骨测试结构中的骨软骨碎片。他们继续进行选定的联合比例尺 关节软骨的生物力学实验。 与公共健康的相关性：上述假设的确认与正常情况都相关 关节健康的维持和关节炎疾病的致病过程。这类信息最终可能 促进诊断分析和治疗操作中具有机械重要性的分子 滑液小室。

Articular cartilage is one of a number of tissues in the body that bears load and slides relative to an apposing tissue surface with remarkable tribological properties¿low friction, low wear, and multiple modes of lubrication acting to lower friction and/or wear. However, in aging and osteoarthritis, the articular surface becomes roughened and eroded. Such deterioration may be the result of several factors leading to excessive loading, a failure in lubrication mechanisms, or both. The broad, long-term objectives are to contribute to the understanding of the mechanobiological system of the interacting joint compartments in order to gain insight into the mechanisms and consequences of lubrication of articular cartilage in joints. This proposal seeks to advance the understanding of lubrication mechanisms, in particular the molecular basis for boundary-mode lubrication of articular cartilage by synovial fluid. The overall hypothesis to be tested is that boundary lubrication of articular cartilage occurs via interactions of synovial fluid molecules with the articular surface, reducing boundary-mode friction and wear, and thereby contributing to the mechanical maintenance of healthyjoints. This hypothesis suggests that the concentration of certain molecules within the joint cavity and their adherence at the articular surface are critical determinants of functional lubrication. The specific hypotheses to be tested are: Hypothesis 1: The SF components that lower friction at a cartilage-cartilage interface via boundary lubrication are Lub/SZP, SAPL, and HA, acting alone or in combination. Hypothesis 2: The SF components that lower wear at a cartilage-cartilage interface via boundary lubrication are Lub/SZP, SAPL, and HA, acting alone or in combination. Hypothesis 3: Solutions of biosynthetic and actual SF provide articular cartilage with friction and wear properties according to levels of Lub/SZP, SAPL, and HA, and results of the studies addressing Hypotheses 1 and 2. To address each hypothesis, studies are proposed beginning with tissue-level studies on excised osteochondral fragments in a cartilage-on-cartilage test configuration. They proceed to selected joint-scale biomechanical experiments on articulating cartilage. Relevance to Public Health: Confirmation of the above hypotheses is relevant both to the normal maintenance of joint health and to pathogenic processes in arthritic disease. Such information may ultimately facilitate diagnostic analysis and therapeutic manipulation of molecules of mechanical importance in the synovial fluid compartment.