Vision Sciences Training Grant

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请要求资金继续支持每年五名博士前和两名博士后学员，在视觉科学的大学范围内的培训计划，在系统，细胞和分子水平。培训重点是分析从视网膜到大脑的视觉通路，以及正常和患病眼睛的细胞，分子和遗传方面。39名教师分布在哥伦比亚大学的两个校区：其中32名教师在健康科学校园，168街和百老汇的基础和临床科学部门，7名来自116街和百老汇的主校区（晨边）的四个部门。在上一个资助期间，哥伦比亚成立了一个新的大脑研究所，有6名研究人员专注于灵长类动物的视觉皮层，在神经研究所建立了一个新的功能磁共振成像和磁共振波谱学设施，在眼科系建立了一个新的临床研究中心。一个理论神经科学中心已经由两个新的教师发起。34名原导师中有4名已被5名新教师和4名现有教师取代。第1部分包括13个教师集中在人类和猴子的视觉和眼神经系统使用神经生理学，心理物理学，计算建模和成像。第2节中的四个教师专注于细胞规格，视网膜轴突指导，生物物理学和树突和棘的可塑性。第3部分包括22个教师研究视紫红质的结构/功能，类维生素A加工和退行性过程，包括黄斑变性，色素性视网膜炎，糖尿病视网膜病变和白内障。导师和学员进行的研究符合NEI的视网膜疾病、角膜、透镜和白内障项目以及斜视、弱视和视觉处理的眼睛和视觉研究国家计划的目标。培训生将继续通过广告和通过其他一些强大的和有选择性的研究生课程，如MD-PhD课程，神经生物学和行为博士课程，以及细胞，生物化学和生物物理研究综合课程的接受来招募。通过课程，论文委员会，座谈会，研讨会和大纽约视觉俱乐部等活动，预计教师和学员将继续互动，并产生新一代的视觉科学家，他们将进一步阐明视觉系统的信息处理，发展和疾病。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application requests funds to continue to support five predoctoral and two postdoctoral trainees per year, in a university-wide training program in visual science, at the systems, cellular, and molecular levels. Training focuses on analysis of the visual pathways from retina to brain, and cellular, molecular and genetic aspects of the normal and diseased eye. Thirty-nine faculty are distributed on two campuses of Columbia University: Thirty-two of this faculty are in basic and clinical science departments on the Health Sciences Campus, 168th Street and Broadway, and 7 are drawn from four departments from the main (Morningside) campus at 116th and Broadway. During the last funding period, Columbia established a new Mind-Brain Institute with 6 investigators focused on the primate visual cortex, a new fMRI and MR spectroscopy facility in the Neurological Institute, and a new clinical research center within the Department of Ophthalmology. A Center for Theoretical Neuroscience has been initiated by two new faculty. Four of the 34 original mentors have been replaced by 5 new faculty and 4 extant faculty. Section 1 includes 13 faculty focused on the visual and oculomotor systems in humans and monkeys using neurophysiology, psychophysics, computational modeling, and imaging. Four faculty in Section 2 focus on cell specification, retinal axon guidance, and biophysics and plasticity of dendrites and spines. Section 3 comprises 22 faculty studying structure/function of rhodopsin, retinoid processing, and degenerative processes, including macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, diabetic retinopathy, and cataracts. The research carried out by the mentors and trainees matches the goals in NEI's National Plan for Eye and Vision Research for Retinal Diseases, Cornea, and Lens and Cataract programs, as well as the Strabismus, Amblyopia and Visual Processing. Trainees will continue to be recruited by advertisement and via acceptance through a number of other strong and selective graduate programs such as the MD-PhD program, Doctoral Program in Neurobiology and Behavior, and Integrated Program in Cellular, Biochemical and Biophysical studies. Through activities such as courses, thesis committees, symposia, seminars, and a Greater New York Vision Club, it is expected that faculty and trainees will continue to interact, and produce a new generation of vision scientists who will further elucidate information processing, development, and disease of the visual system.