Antibiofilm tubing to reduce occupational exposure to biohazards in dentistry

抗菌膜管可减少牙科生物危害的职业暴露

• 批准号: 7625021
• 负责人: YUYU SUN
• 金额: $ 7.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH DAKOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-06-01 至 2011-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7625021
• 关键词: Antibiofilm; tubing; reduce; occupational; exposure

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Every dental unit is equipped with small-bore plastic tubing to bring water to the air/water syringe, the ultrasonic scaler, and the high-speed hand piece. Because of the formation and subsequent sloughing off of microbial biofilms from the inner surfaces of the plastic tubing, dental water is heavily contaminated with microorganisms and endotoxin. During dental procedures, the contaminated water will be aerosolized by dental equipment to spread the microbes and endotoxin into air. Dental health care personnel (DHCP) are exposed to these occupational biohazards repeatedly on a daily and long-term basis, which could cause respiratory infection, occupational asthma, and even fatality in DHCP. The long-range goal of this project is to use N-halamine-based rechargeable antibiofilm tubing to control the formation of dental unit waterline biofilms so as to reduce occupational exposure of DHCP to the biohazards. N-halamines have antimicrobial efficacy similar to that of hypochlorite bleach, one of the most widely used disinfectants in dental and hospital settings, but N-halamines are more stable, less corrosive, and have much less tendency to generate halogenated hydrocarbons. It is anticipated that after covalently binding N-halamines onto plastic tubes, the new tubes will be able to inactivate any approaching planktonic cells to prevent microbial adhesion/colonization, the first step in the formation of biofilms. Thus, the tubes' inner surfaces will be free of biohazards during dental operations, improving the microbial quality of dental unit water and aerosols. The antibiofilm activity is anticipated to be stable for a reasonably long period of time (e.g., more than a month), and if it is lost due to extensive use, the tubing can be easily recharged by a hypochlorite bleach treatment when the dental units are not in use to regenerate the antibiofilm function. The specific aims of the proposed R03 study are to: (1) develop N-halamine-based antibiofilm dental unit waterline tubing; and (2) evaluate the efficacy and safety of the new tubes in model dental water delivery systems. To achieve these goals, the first part of the proposed research will covalently bind N-halamine precursors into plastic tubing currently used in dental clinic waterlines, so as to introduce antimicrobial effects into the tubing to achieve long biofilm-controlling durations. This will be followed by a series of studies to provide detailed information on the mechanical properties, antimicrobial activity, rechargeability, and effects of recharging on the mechanical properties of the new tubes. Then the new tubes will be evaluated with mixed species of water bacteria in model dental water delivery systems to determine the efficacy and safety of the new approach in reducing occupational exposure of DHCP to waterborne and airborne microorganisms and endotoxin. The antibiofilm tubing approach is an attractive advance in controlling dental unit waterline biofilms to improve the occupational safety and health of dental health care personnel. In addition, the antibiofilm plastic tube materials to be developed in this study may find applications in other clinically important surfaces, which will make significant contributions to a better and safer healthcare environment.

描述（由申请人提供）：每个牙科综合治疗台都配备有小口径塑料管，用于将水引入空气/水注射器、超声洁牙机和高速手机。由于微生物生物膜的形成和随后从塑料管的内表面脱落，牙科用水被微生物和内毒素严重污染。在牙科手术过程中，受污染的水将被牙科设备雾化，将微生物和内毒素传播到空气中。口腔卫生保健人员（DHCP）每天和长期反复暴露于这些职业性生物危害，这可能会导致呼吸道感染，职业性哮喘，甚至死亡的DHCP。本项目的长期目标是使用基于N-卤胺的可充电生物膜管来控制牙科综合治疗台水管线生物膜的形成，以减少DHCP对生物危害的职业暴露。N-卤胺具有与次氯酸盐漂白剂类似的抗菌功效，次氯酸盐漂白剂是牙科和医院环境中最广泛使用的消毒剂之一，但N-卤胺更稳定，腐蚀性更小，并且产生卤代烃的倾向要小得多。预计在将N-卤胺共价结合到塑料管上之后，新管将能够粘附任何接近的嗜酸性细胞以防止微生物粘附/定殖，这是形成生物膜的第一步。因此，在牙科手术期间，管的内表面将没有生物危害，从而改善牙科综合治疗台水和气溶胶的微生物质量。预期所述膜活性在合理长的时间段内是稳定的（例如，超过一个月），并且如果它由于大量使用而丢失，则当牙科综合治疗机不使用时，可以通过次氯酸盐漂白处理来容易地对管道进行再充电，以再生可再生膜功能。拟议的R 03研究的具体目的是：（1）开发基于N-卤胺的牙科综合治疗台防水膜水管;（2）评价新型管在牙科输水系统模型中的有效性和安全性。为了实现这些目标，拟议研究的第一部分将N-卤胺前体共价结合到目前用于牙科诊所水管线的塑料管中，以便将抗菌效果引入管中，以实现长时间的生物膜控制。随后将进行一系列研究，以提供有关机械性能、抗菌活性、可再充电性以及再充电对新管机械性能的影响的详细信息。然后，将在模型牙科供水系统中使用水细菌的混合物种对新管进行评估，以确定新方法在减少DHCP职业暴露于水媒和空气微生物和内毒素方面的有效性和安全性。 在控制牙科综合治疗台水管线生物膜以改善牙科保健人员的职业安全和健康方面，生物膜管方法是一种有吸引力的进步。此外，本研究中开发的薄膜塑料管材料可能会应用于其他临床重要表面，这将为更好、更安全的医疗环境做出重大贡献。