Preventing Drug Abuse and HIV in Hispanic First Offenders

预防西班牙裔初犯吸毒和感染艾滋病毒

• 批准号: 7577066
• 负责人: GUILLERMO PRADO
• 金额: $ 62.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7577066
• 关键词: Adolescent; Age; Attention; Coitus; Criminal Justice; Development; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Family; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; Hispanics; Illicit Drugs; Intervention; Knowledge; Linear Models; Mediating; Not Hispanic or Latino; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Problem behavior; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials; Relative (related person); Risk; Sampling; Sex Behavior; System; Testing; Time; Youth; effective intervention; health disparity; intervention effect; juvenile justice system; offender; post intervention; prevent; treatment as usual

Hispanic youth in the juvenile justice system are at increased risk of HIV infection and of using illicit drugs. The proposed study’s overarching goal is to reduce the ethnic disparities in illicit drug use and HIV between Hispanic and non-Hispanic youth in the criminal justice system. The proposed 2-year study will be guided by four aims. AIM 1 is to evaluate the efficacy of Familias Unidas, relative to Treatment as Usual in preventing illicit drug use in a sample of Hispanic youth first offenders; AIM 2 is to evaluate the efficacy of Familias Unidas, relative to Treatment as Usual in preventing unsafe sexual behavior; AIM 3 is to evaluate the efficacy of Familias Unidas, relative to Treatment as Usual in reducing the number of subsequent criminal offenses; and AIM 4 is to assess the extent to which family functioning mediates the effects of the intervention on illicit drug use, unsafe sexual behavior, and subsequent criminal offenses. 240 Hispanic adolescent first offenders (age range 13 to 17) and their parents will be randomized to either Familias Unidas or Treatment as Usual. Youth and parent participants will be assed at baseline, post-intervention (i.e., 6-months post baseline), and 12-months post baseline. The Familias Unidas intervention has been evaluated and found to be efficacious in two randomized trials. In the first study (Pantin et al., 2003), Familias Unidas was shown to be efficacious relative to a no intervention control condition in increasing family functioning and reducing behavior problems. In the second randomized trial (Prado et al., 2007), Familias Unidas was found to be efficacious, relative to two attention control conditions, in reducing illicit drug use and unprotected sexual behavior at last sexual intercourse. In both trials, family functioning was found to mediate the effects of condition on the outcomes. Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) will be used to test: (H1) Familias Unidas will be more efficacious than Treatment as Usual in reducing illicit drug use over time; (H2) Familias Unidas will be more efficacious than Treatment as Usual in reducing unprotected sexual behavior use over time; and (H3) Familias Unidas will be more efficacious than Treatment as Usual in preventing subsequent criminal offenses. Additionally HLM will be used to determine whether (H1a) the effect of Familias Unidas on illicit drug use will be partially mediated by family functioning; (H2a) the effect of Familias Unidas on unprotected sexual behavior will be partially mediated by family functioning and (H3a) the effect of Familias Unidas on subsequent criminal offenses will be partially mediated by family functioning.

少年司法系统中的西班牙裔青年感染艾滋病毒和使用非法药物的风险增加。 这项拟议的研究的总体目标是减少非法药物使用和艾滋病毒之间的种族差异 刑事司法系统中的西班牙裔和非拉美裔青年。拟议的为期两年的研究将以四个目标为指导。目的1是评价Familias Unidas相对于照常治疗在西班牙裔青年初犯样本中预防非法药物使用的效力；目的2是评价Familias Unidas相对于照常治疗在预防不安全性行为方面的效力；目的3是评价Familias Unidas相对于照常治疗在减少后续犯罪数量方面的效力；以及目的4是评估家庭功能在多大程度上调解干预措施对非法药物使用、不安全性行为和继发犯罪的影响。240名西班牙裔青少年初犯(年龄在13岁至17岁之间)及其父母将被随机分配到Familias Unidas或照常治疗。青少年和家长参与者将在基线、干预后(即基线后6个月)和基线后12个月进行评估。 在两个随机试验中，对Familias Unidas干预措施进行了评估，发现是有效的。在第一项研究(Pantin等人，2003年)中，与无干预控制条件相比，Familias Unidas被证明在增加家庭功能和减少行为问题方面是有效的。在第二个随机试验中(Prado等人，2007年)发现，与两种注意力控制条件相比，Familias Unidas在减少非法药物使用和最后性交时无保护的性行为方面是有效的。在这两个试验中，家庭功能被发现在疾病对结果的影响中起中介作用。将使用分层线性模型来检验：(1)随着时间的推移，家庭联盟在减少非法药物使用方面将比通常的治疗更有效；(2)随着时间的推移，家庭联盟在减少无保护的性行为方面将比通常的治疗更有效；(H3)家庭联盟在预防后续犯罪方面将比通常的治疗更有效。此外，还将利用《家庭法》确定：(H1a)《家庭法》对非法药物使用的影响是否将部分通过家庭功能发挥作用；(H2a)《家庭法》对无保护性行为的影响将部分由家庭功能发挥作用；(H3a)《家庭法》对后续犯罪的影响将部分由家庭功能发挥作用。