PS07-003, Minority HIV/AIDS Research Initiative (MARI)

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请中提出的研究涉及CDC推进艾滋病毒预防（AHP）倡议下的第二个艾滋病毒预防新战略；实施在医疗环境之外诊断艾滋病毒感染的新模式，以及对异性恋的黑人和西班牙裔男性进行自愿艾滋病毒检测和咨询，这是该方案的六个研究目标之一。短期研究的目标是确定与艾滋病毒检测和艾滋病毒阳性检测结果披露相关的障碍和促进因素——18 - 64岁自认为是异性恋的黑人男性——确定这些障碍和促进因素是否因关系类型（妻子、常规外部女性性伴侣、因果性女性性伴侣、男性性伴侣）而不同，并确定提供艾滋病毒检测选项是否会导致艾滋病毒检测的可接受性增加。长期目标是开发一种干预措施，以促进艾滋病毒检测和向性伴侣披露艾滋病毒阳性状况，这是文化，性别和地区特定的农村/小城市非洲裔美国男性，他们自认为是异性恋。研究设计包括四个阶段；第一阶段：定性描述性焦点小组（n=36），告知调查项目的发展；第二阶段：横断面工具开发和测试（n=300），利用工具管理和焦点小组的混合方法；第三阶段：横断面调查管理（n=3000）和个体水平的随机对照试验（n=300），通过对照条件/标准非快速OraSure或血清学检测的社区外展，比较实验条件与快速HIV检测程序（OraQuick快速HIV-1/2抗体或OraQuick Advance快速HIV-1/2抗体），第四阶段：利用12个焦点小组（n= 72）进行定性描述性过程评估，n=36名未参加随机对照试验的调查参与者和n=36名随机对照试验的参与者评估对艾滋病毒检测的态度、对艾滋病毒检测障碍和辅助人员的看法、对提高艾滋病毒阳性信息披露技能所需援助的看法以及对改进艾滋病毒检测策略的看法。这项研究的目的是与公共卫生有关的黑人社区与艾滋病毒。这项拟议的研究解决了2010年健康人群的三个目标；13-7增加了解其血清状况的艾滋病毒阳性者的人数；3-13增加感染艾滋病毒的青少年和成人接受符合现行公共卫生服务治疗指南的检测、治疗和预防的比例；5-8减少与异性性接触有关的13至24岁青少年和年轻成年女性的艾滋病毒感染。这项研究的目的是与公共卫生有关的黑人社区与艾滋病毒。这项拟议的研究旨在实现《2010年健康人》的三个目标：13-7，增加了解其血清状况的艾滋病毒阳性者的人数；3-13 .增加感染艾滋病毒的青少年和成人接受符合现行公共卫生服务治疗指南的检测、治疗和预防的比例；5-8、减少与异性性接触有关的13至24岁青少年和年轻成年女性的艾滋病毒感染。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The study proposed in this application addresses the second new strategy for HIV prevention under CDC's Advancing HIV Prevention (AHP) initiative; the implementation of new models for diagnosing HIV infections outside medical settings and one of the six research objectives of the RFA, Voluntary HIV testing and counseling of heterosexual Black and Hispanic males. The short-term study objective is to identify barriers and facilitators associated with HIV testing and disclosure of HIV+ test results-- black males18 - 64 who self- identify as heterosexual--determining whether these differ by relationship type (wife, regular outside female sexual partner, causal female sexual partner, male sexual partner) and to determine if providing HIV testing options will result in increase acceptability of HIV testing. The long-term objective is to develop an intervention to promote HIV testing and disclosure of HIV positive status to sexual partners that is cultural, gender, and region specific for rural/small city African American males who self-identify as heterosexual. The study design consists of four phases; Phase 1-Qualitative Descriptive focus groups (n=36) to inform the development of the survey items, Phase 2-Cross-sectional Instrument Developments and Testing (n=300) utilizing a mixed method approach of instruments administration and focus groups, Phase 3-Cross- sectional survey administration (n=3000) and randomized controlled trial at the individual level (n=300) comparing experimental condition with rapid HIV testing procedure (OraQuick Rapid HIV-1/2 Antibody or OraQuick Advance Rapid HIV-1/2 Antibody) via community outreach with the controlled condition/standard non-rapid OraSure or serological test, and Phase 4-Qualitative Descriptive process evaluation utilizing 12 focus groups (N=72, n=36 survey participants who did not participate in the randomized controlled trial and n=36 participants of the randomized controlled trial) to assess attitude toward HIV testing, perception of barriers to and facilitators of HIV testing, perception of assistance needed to improve HIV+ disclosure skills, and perception of strategies to improve HIV testing. The objective of this research has public health relevance to the Black community related to HIV. Three Healthy People 2010 objectives are addressed by this proposed research; 13-7 Increase the number of HIV- positive persons who know their serostatus, 3-13 Increase the proportion of HIV-infected adolescents and adults who receive testing, treatment, and prophylaxis consistent with current Public Health Service treatment guidelines, and 5-8 Reduce HIV infections in adolescent and young adult females aged 13 to 24 years that are associated with heterosexual contact. The objective of this research has public health relevance to the Black community related to HIV. Three Healthy People 2010 objectives are addressed by this proposed research: 13-7, Increase the number of HIV- positive persons who know their serostatus; 3-13, Increase the proportion of HIV-infected adolescents and adults who receive testing, treatment, and prophylaxis consistent with current Public Health Service treatment guidelines; and 5-8, Reduce HIV infections in adolescent and young adult females aged 13 to 24 years that are associated with heterosexual contact.