Prospective Study of Restless Leg Syndrome

描述（由主要研究者提供）：不宁腿综合征（RLS）是一种常见的运动障碍，其特征是几乎无法抗拒的移动腿的冲动。根据最近的估计，它影响了5- 20%的成年人，并且通常对睡眠，日常活动和生活质量产生重大影响。然而，RLS的病因仍然未知。对生活方式因素进行有效评估的大型、特征良好的队列研究可以提供关键信息，并导致新的预防和治疗方法。特别是，有必要对RLS的临床影响进行进一步的大型前瞻性研究，因为该综合征的患病率很高。由于大多数RLS患者（约90%）仍未确诊，基于临床系列的研究可能无法充分代表疾病的谱和自然史。一些研究，主要是横断面研究，发现RLS患者的一些慢性疾病患病率较高（例如，心血管疾病和帕金森病），以及死亡风险增加。我们建议在此记录两个大型且完善的队列（卫生专业人员随访研究（HPFS）和护士健康研究II（NHS II））的女性和男性参与者中RLS的发生情况，以解决与RLS的病因和临床影响相关的几个重要假设。HPFS和NHS II分别于1986年和1989年启动，包括51，529名男性卫生专业人员（1986年为45-70岁）和116，678名中年女性注册护士（1989年为25-42岁）。RLS的信息，使用标准化的问题，已收集自2002年以来在HPFS和2005年在NHS II。我们将调查1）在4-6年的随访期间，献血、肥胖、遗传成分是否与RLS风险相关; 2）RLS是否与HPFS（2002-2010）和NHS II（2005-2011）中慢性疾病（冠心病、中风、高血压、帕金森病和勃起功能障碍）和死亡率增加相关。我们期望能够记录5167例流行和935例偶发RLS病例，这将为检验所提出的假设提供前所未有的能力。此外，记录我们队列中RLS的发生是一个大型信息库的关键组成部分，该信息库包括对男性和女性在16年期间生活方式（包括饮食和健康习惯）的多个方面进行的多重和有效评估，以及前瞻性收集的血液和DNA样本。这一信息库是独一无二的，将对RLS和生物标志物和遗传特征的未来调查的意义。 公共卫生相关性：本申请的主要目的是检查献血，肥胖和遗传成分是否会影响不宁腿综合征的风险，以及不宁腿综合征是否会增加慢性疾病和死亡率的风险。

DESCRIPTION (provided by principal investigator): The restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common movement disorder, characterized by an almost irresistible urge to move the legs. According to recent estimates, it affects 5-20 percent of adults and often has a substantial impact on sleep, daily activities and quality of life. However, the etiology of RLS remains unknown. Large, well-characterized cohort studies with validated assessment of lifestyle factors could provide critical information and lead to new approaches for prevention and treatment. Particularly, there is a need of further large prospective studies on the clinical impact of RLS given a high prevalence of the syndrome. Because the majority of RLS patients (~90 percent) remain undiagnosed, studies based on clinical series may not adequately represent the spectrum and natural history of the disease. Some studies, primarily cross-sectional, found that RLS patients had a higher prevalence of a number of chronic diseases (e.g., cardiovascular disease and Parkinson's disease), and an increased risk of mortality. We propose here to document the occurrence of RLS among female and male participants of two large and well established cohorts, the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) and the Nurses' Health Study II (NHS II), for the purpose of addressing several important hypotheses related to the etiology and clinical impacts of RLS. The HPFS and NHS II were initiated in 1986 and 1989 respectively, including 51,529 male health professionals (aged 45-70 in 1986) and 116,678 middle-aged female registered nurses (aged 25-42 in 1989). Information of RLS, using standardized questions, has been collected since 2002 in the HPFS and 2005 in the NHS II. We will investigate 1) whether blood donation, obesity, genetic components are associated with RLS risk during 4-6 years of follow-up; and 2) whether RLS is associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases (coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension, Parkinson's disease and erectile dysfunction) and mortality in the HPFS (2002-2010) and the NHS II (2005-2011). We expect to be able to document 5167 prevalent and 935 incident RLS cases, which will provide unprecedented power to test the proposed hypotheses. In addition, documentation of the occurrence of RLS in our cohorts is the critical component of a large bank of information that includes multiple and validated assessments of several aspects of lifestyle, including diet and health habits, over a period of 16 years in men and women, and prospectively collected blood and DNA samples. This bank of information is unique and will be of significance for future investigations on RLS and biomarkers and genetic characteristics. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The primary aim of this application is to examine whether blood donation, obesity and genetic components influence risk of restless legs syndrome and whether restless legs syndrome increases risk of chronic diseases and mortality.