Proj 2: Decision Making and Control in Perception and Attention (p. 184 - 206)

感知识别是决策的一种基本形式。在这个项目中，我们提出了一套 研究猴子知觉决策的功能性神经解剖学的实验， 使用fMRI和行为测量来测试DDM对刺激效果的预测 辨别困难、注意、刺激概率、任务和反应方式对神经活动的影响 感知和决策皮层区域。我们已经开发出功能性磁共振成像的能力， 清醒的、有行为的猴子，使我们能够在猴子和人类身上进行功能性磁共振成像的平行实验， 在猴子中进行单一单位记录（项目5下）。这些平行研究将使用相同的感知 决策任务：眼动反应的运动辨别。我们将继续这项工作， 进一步的刺激和任务操作。基于DDM，我们预测，刺激的操纵 概率、刺激辨别难度、反应方式和任务要求会产生不同的影响 在与知觉表征相关的区域和作为知觉表征的区域的活动上， 决策的使用fMRI，我们将测试DDM对以下因素引起的偏置效应的预测： 操纵注意力任务中的刺激概率。我们将把对DDM的调查扩展到更多 复杂的刺激，即面部，在行为和功能磁共振成像研究。而目前的应用， 决策的神经科学认为存在两个群体，每个群体编码一个 两种可能的刺激与一个简单的率码，神经表征的面孔和其他复杂的刺激 涉及多个神经群体的分布式群体响应。对于基于以下方面的决定 对于复杂刺激的识别，感知表征必须基于 翻译成一个简单的代码为两个选择决定任务的需求。拟议 研究将解决DDM是否可以扩展到分布式神经表示模型。

Perceptual recognition is a fundamental forms of decision-making. In this project, we propose a set of experiments to investigate the functional neuroanatomy of perceptual decision-making in monkeys and humans using fMRI and behavioral measures to test predictions of the DDM on the effects of stimulus discrimination difficulty, attention, stimulus probability, task, and response modality on neural activity in perceptual and decision-making cortical regions. We have developed the capability to perform fMRI in awake, behaving monkeys, allowing us to run parallel experiments using fMRI in monkeys and humans and single unit recording in monkeys (under project 5). These parallel studies will use the same perceptual decision-making task: motion discrimination with oculomotor response. We will then extend this work with further stimulus and task manipulations. Based on the DDM, we predict that manipulations of stimulus probability, stimulus discrimination difficulty, response modality, and task demands will have differing effects on activity in areas associated with perceptual representation and areas that act as accumulators for decision-making. Using fMRI we will test the predictions of the DDM on the biasing effect induced by manipulating stimulus probabilities in an attention task. We will extend our investigation of the DDM to more complex stimuli, namely faces, in behavioral and fMRI studies. Whereas current application of the DDMto the neuroscience of decision-making assumesthe existence of two populations, each of which codes one of two possible stimuli with a simple rate code, the neural representation of faces and other complex stimuli involves a distributed population response with multiple neural populations. For decisions based on recognition of complex stimuli, perceptual representation must be based on population responses that are translated into a simple code for two alternatives determined by decision task demands. The proposed studies will address whether the DDM can be extended to a model of distributed neural representation.