Bio-MicroElectroMechanical Systems Resource Center

生物微机电系统资源中心

• 批准号: 7371863
• 负责人: Mehmet Toner
• 金额: $ 83.14万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-01 至 2009-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7371863
• 关键词: Address; Area; Basic Science; Behavior; Biochemistry; Biological; Biological Sciences; Biology; Biomedical Engineering; Biosensor; Biotechnology; Blood; Blood Cells; Cell Separation; Cells; Cellular biology; Chemistry; Chemotaxis; Clinical; Clinical Investigator; Collaborations; Communication; Communities; Complement; Complex; Devices; Diagnostic; Doctor of Philosophy; Educational workshop; Electronics; Engineering; Event; Faculty; Fee-for-Service Plans; Funding; Gene Chips; Gene Expression; Generations; Genes; Glues; Goals; Grant; Hand; Housing; Human; Immune response; Industry; Injury; Laboratories; Leukocytes; Life; Longevity; Maintenance; Medical; Medicine; Methods; Microfabrication; Microfluidics; Mission; Molecular; Molecular Biology; Monitor; Motion; Nervous System Trauma; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Organism; Outsourcing; Pharmacologic Substance; Phenotype; Physiological Processes; Postdoctoral Fellow; Preclinical Drug Evaluation; Publication Type; Purpose; Range; Reporter; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Sampling; Science; Scientist; Screening procedure; Services; Slice; Sorting - Cell Movement; Stimulus; Structure; Surface; System; Techniques; Technology; Therapeutic; Time; Tissue Engineering; Tissue Microarray; Tissues; Today; Training; Training Activity; United States National Institutes of Health; animal tissue; base; biological research; biomedical scientist; cell motility; day; drug testing; implantable device; micro-total analysis system; microsystems; new technology; novel; particle; patient monitoring device; point of care; pre-doctoral; prognostic; programs; promoter; research and development; response; sensor; sound; symposium; technological innovation; technology development; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Microfabrication techniques or microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) that have revolutionized the electronics industry are now poised to revolutionize the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, and basic biomedical sciences. The two leading applications of microfabrication in biology include "genes-on-a-chip" to monitor the expression level of potentially all genes in humans and organisms simultaneously, and "lab-on-a-chip" type devices to perform high-throughput biochemistry in very small volumes. Equally exciting is the fact that recent advances in the understanding of cellular behavior in microenvironments have started to pave the way towards living micro-devices. The emerging living cell-based devices are expected to become key technologies in the 21st century of medicine with a broad range of applications varying from diagnostic, therapeutics, cell-based high-throughput drug screening tools, and basic and applied cell biology tools. The mission for the proposed NIH BioMEMS Resource Center is to provide unique capabilities to biomedical investigators in order to efficiently use microsystems technologies to probe, perturb, engineer, and analyze biological cells and tissues for basic biological discovery, diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic purposes. In order to make the tools of BioMEMS available to the biomedical community, we focused our efforts on 3 core technological research and development projects, Core Project 1 is primarily a technology development proposal with the overall aim of developing microfluidic systems to manipulate and sort blood cells without altering their phenotypes. Core Project 2 advances microfabrication tools to create engineered complex tissue units for dynamic studies of physiological processes. Core Project 3 probes into the molecular and cellular mechanisms of leukocyte bidirectional motility in immune response. The technological research and development program centered around these 3 Core Projects not only involves sound technology development but also addresses important biological problems in leukocyte biology, chemotaxis and immune response, and tissue engineering. In addition, there are 9 collaborative projects that both utilize and help advance the core technologies. The proposed NIH BioMEMS Resource Center will provide services to NIH investigators to use the tools of microsystems technology in biology and medicine. The dissemination activities are very broad encompassing (1) seminars, symposia, and meetings, (2)workshops and courses, and (3) various types of publications. The training activities include both pre-doctoral and post-doctoral (both MD and PhD) fellows, and specialized training sessions to provide hands-on microsystems technology training to biomedical scientists. The proposed NIH BioMEMS Resource Center has already established significant strategic alliances with three other P41 Biotechnology Resource Centers, an NSF Educational Research Center (ERC), an NIH Bioengineering Research Partnership (BRP) grant, and two NIH "Glue Grants". Thus, the proposed Resource Center is exceedingly well poised to disseminate the tools of microfabrication to the biomedical community.

描述（由申请人提供）： 微加工技术或微机电系统（MEMS）已经彻底改变了电子工业，现在正准备彻底改变制药和生物技术工业以及基础生物医学科学。微加工在生物学中的两个主要应用包括“芯片上的基因”，以同时监测人类和生物体中所有基因的表达水平，以及“芯片上的实验室”类型的设备，以非常小的体积进行高通量生物化学。同样令人兴奋的是，最近在微环境中细胞行为的理解方面取得的进展已经开始为活体微型设备铺平道路。新兴的基于活细胞的装置有望成为21世纪医学的关键技术，具有广泛的应用范围，包括诊断、治疗、基于细胞的高通量药物筛选工具以及基础和应用细胞生物学工具。拟议中的NIH BioMEMS资源中心的使命是为生物医学研究人员提供独特的能力，以便有效地使用微系统技术来探测、扰动、工程和分析生物细胞和组织，用于基本的生物发现、诊断、预后和治疗目的。为了使生物医学界能够使用BioMEMS的工具，我们将精力集中在3个核心技术研究和开发项目上，核心项目1主要是一个技术开发提案，其总体目标是开发微流体系统来操纵和分选血细胞而不改变其表型。核心项目2推进微加工工具，以创建工程复杂的组织单位的动态研究的生理过程。核心项目3探讨免疫应答中白细胞双向运动的分子和细胞机制。围绕这三个核心项目的技术研究和开发计划不仅涉及良好的技术开发，而且还涉及白细胞生物学，趋化性和免疫反应以及组织工程等重要生物学问题。此外，还有9个合作项目利用并帮助推进核心技术。拟议中的NIH BioMEMS资源中心将为NIH研究人员提供服务，以便在生物学和医学中使用微系统技术工具。传播活动非常广泛，包括（1）研讨会、专题讨论会和会议，（2）讲习班和课程，以及（3）各种出版物。培训活动包括博士前和博士后（包括MD和PhD）研究员，以及专门培训课程，为生物医学科学家提供动手微系统技术培训。拟议中的NIH BioMEMS资源中心已经与其他三个P41生物技术资源中心、一个NSF教育研究中心（ERC）、一个NIH生物工程研究伙伴关系（BRP）赠款和两个NIH“胶水赠款”建立了重要的战略联盟。因此，拟议的资源中心是非常好的准备传播微制造的生物医学界的工具。