The Genetics of Smoking; The Transtheoretical Model

吸烟的遗传学；

• 批准号: 7680091
• 负责人: QIANG John FU
• 金额: $ 14.01万
• 依托单位: SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-22 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7680091
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Antisocial Personality Disorder; Anxiety Disorders; Area; Award; Behavioral; Biometry; Cancer Control; Cessation of life; Childhood; Collection; Communities; Comorbidity; Conduct Disorder; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Databases; Educational workshop; Etiology; Failure; Future; Genetic; Genetic Risk; Genetic screening method; Genomics; Genotype; Goals; Heritability; Heterogeneity; Interview; Major Depressive Disorder; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Mental disorders; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Molecular Genetics; Nicotine Dependence; Pathway interactions; Phenotype; Population; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Prevention Research; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Personnel; Residual state; Risk; Sampling; Scientist; Secondary to; Smoke; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Specificity; Structure; Testing; Tobacco Dependence; Training; Twin Multiple Birth; Twin Studies; Variant; base; behavior measurement; cigarette smoking; depression; epidemiology study; genetic association; genetic epidemiology; programs; smoking cessation; tobacco control; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cigarette smoking causes approximately one in three cancer deaths. Although the empirical evidence suggests that genetic influences may account for a substantial proportion of the population variation in smoking behavior, there has been little research specifically aimed at identifying genetic risks that contribute to different aspects of smoking behavior. This K07 award resubmission will support four research aims: 1) testing for genetic influence s on different aspects of smoking behavior, using newly developed models to examine the overlap versus specificity of genetic influences on different aspects of smoking behavior; 2) examining the relationship between genetic influences on smoking and genetic influences on depression and anxiety disorders; 3) determining how genetic influences on antisocial personality disorder (or conduct disorder) versus genetic influences on depression and anxiety disorders, contribute to risk of different aspects of smoking; 4) piloting the collection of twin pair data to test key assumptions of the Transtheoretical Model as they apply to smoking cessation versus persistence. These specific aims will be addressed by both secondary data analysis using existing large community-based twin samples and new pilot data collection built upon an existing research program by interviewing young adult twins (born 1968-1974). The pilot data will provide preliminary results to address key questions that cannot be addressed using the existing twin databases and set the groundwork for a longitudinal genetic epidemiology study of smoking cessation. The candidate's ultimate goals are to understand the etiology of smoking cessation and the genetic pathways leading to successful smoking cessation, to become an independent investigator in tobacco control, and to develop the expertise to mentor future scientists. To achieve these goals, this K07 award will allow the candidate to pursue specialized training and additional mentoring through structured coursework or workshops and didactic tutorials in the following areas: i) conducting large-scale epidemiologic twin studies; ii) molecular genetics and genomics; iii) extending expertise in advanced biometric modeling (incorporating genotyping and phenotyping information in a unified framework) and statistical genetics (genetic association methods); iv) broader aspects of epidemiologic and prevention research in cancer control.

描述（由申请人提供）：吸烟造成大约三分之一的癌症死亡。尽管经验证据表明，遗传影响可能占吸烟行为中人口差异的很大比例，但很少有研究专门旨在识别有助于吸烟行为的不同方面的遗传风险。该K07奖励重新提交将支持四个研究目的：1）使用新开发的模型对吸烟行为不同方面的遗传影响进行测试，以检查对吸烟行为不同方面的遗传影响的重叠与特异性的重叠性； 2）检查遗传对吸烟的影响与遗传影响对抑郁症和焦虑症的影响； 3）确定遗传对反社会人格障碍（或行为障碍）的影响与对抑郁症和焦虑症的遗传影响的影响有助于吸烟不同方面的风险； 4）试行双对数据的集合以测试跨理论模型的关键假设，因为它们适用于戒烟与持久性。这些具体目标将通过二级数据分析来解决现有的基于社区的大型双胞胎样本和通过采访年轻成人双胞胎（生于1968- 1974年）的现有研究计划建立的新试验数据收集。试点数据将提供初步结果，以解决无法使用现有双胞胎数据库无法解决的关键问题，并为纵向遗传性戒烟研究奠定了基础。候选人的最终目标是了解戒烟的病因和导致成功戒烟的遗传途径，成为烟草控制方面的独立研究者，并发展专业知识来指导未来的科学家。为了实现这些目标，该K07奖将使候选人可以在以下领域通过结构化课程或讲习班以及教程进行专业培训和其他指导：i）进行大规模的流行病学双胞胎研究； ii）分子遗传学和基因组学； iii）扩展高级生物识别建模方面的专业知识（在统一框架中纳入基因分型和表型信息）和统计遗传学（遗传关联方法）； iv）癌症控制中流行病学和预防研究的更广泛方面。

项目成果

Effects of childhood adversity on bullying and cruelty to animals in the United States: findings from a national sample.

• DOI: 10.1177/0886260511403763
• 发表时间: 2011-11
• 期刊: Journal of interpersonal violence
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Vaughn MG;Fu Q;Beaver KM;Delisi M;Perron BE;Howard MO
• 通讯作者: Howard MO

Prevalence and correlates of fire-setting in the United States: results from the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions.

美国纵火的发生率和相关性：全国酒精及相关疾病流行病学调查的结果。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2009.06.002
• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: Comprehensive psychiatry
• 影响因子: 7.3
• 作者: Vaughn,MichaelG;Fu,Qiang;Delisi,Matt;Wright,JohnPaul;Beaver,KevinM;Perron,BrianE;Howard,MatthewO
• 通讯作者: Howard,MatthewO

Sociodemographic, behavioral, and substance use correlates of reckless driving in the United States: findings from a national Sample.

社会人口、行为和物质使用与美国鲁莽驾驶的相关性：全国样本的调查结果。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.06.016
• 发表时间: 2011
• 期刊: Journal of psychiatric research
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Vaughn,MichaelG;Define,RebeccaS;Delisi,Matt;Perron,BrianE;Beaver,KevinM;Fu,Qiang;Howard,MatthewO
• 通讯作者: Howard,MatthewO

Is crack cocaine use associated with greater violence than powdered cocaine use? Results from a national sample.

使用快克可卡因是否比使用粉状可卡因更容易引发暴力？

• DOI: 10.3109/00952990.2010.491877
• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse
• 作者: Vaughn,MichaelG;Fu,Qiang;Perron,BrianE;Bohnert,AmySB;Howard,MatthewO
• 通讯作者: Howard,MatthewO

Criminal victimization and comorbid substance use and psychiatric disorders in the United States: results from the NESARC.

美国的犯罪受害和共病药物使用以及精神疾病：NESARC 的结果。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2009.11.011
• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: Annals of epidemiology
• 影响因子: 5.6
• 作者: Vaughn,MichaelG;Fu,Qiang;DeLisi,Matt;Beaver,KevinM;Perron,BrianE;Howard,MatthewO
• 通讯作者: Howard,MatthewO