LONGITUDINAL PREDICTORS OF WEIGHT GAIN

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 肥胖症是美国和世界各地一个严重且日益严重的公共卫生问题。 虽然短暂的正能量平衡可能发生在所有人的一个时间或另一个，有些人能够抵抗环境压力对体重增加，保持长期的瘦状态。 该提案的中心论点是，了解个体对过度喂养产生的短期正能量平衡的反应（代谢，能量和行为），可能会为当前环境中促进或防止体重增加的生物机制提供线索。 虽然长期控制的过度喂养实验已经进行了多年，但以前没有研究系统地研究短期过度喂养对膳食脂肪氧化，过度喂养后自发食物摄入或体力活动的直接测量的影响。 此外，以前的研究还没有研究这些变量和随后的体重增加之间的关系。 据推测，那些优先氧化膳食脂肪，减少食物摄入量和增加体力活动的个体在过度喂养后将随着时间的推移保持瘦的表型。 相反，那些未能做出这些适应的人会随着时间的推移而体重增加。 拟议的研究将检查控制的真热量饮食或3天喂养140%的基础能量对1。 2种膳食脂肪示踪剂的氧化2.饥饿感、饱腹感、进食欲望和自发性食物摄入3.直接测量的体力活动水平，在一组男性和女性中富集可能保持瘦表型的个体和其他选择的体重增加倾向。 然后将对该队列进行3年随访，以确定每例受试者的体重增加率。 基线测量将与随后的体重增加相关，以确定哪些对过度喂养的适应性反应与纵向确定的体重增加最相关。 通过采取全面的方法来检查对过度喂养和未来体重变化的反应，拟议的研究应该有助于澄清稳态调节机制如何协调地应对短期正能量平衡状态。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Obesity is a serious and growing public health problem in the United States and around the world. While brief periods of positive energy balance likely occur in all people at one time or another, some individuals are able to resist environmental pressure towards weight gain, maintaining a chronic state of thinness. The central thesis of this proposal is that understanding the responses (metabolic, energetic, and behavioral) of individuals to short periods of positive energy balance produced by overfeeding, may provide clues as to the biologic mechanisms that either promote or protect against weight gain in the current environment. While long term controlled overfeeding experiments have been done for many years, no previous studies have systematically examined the effects of short-term overfeeding on direct measures of dietary fat oxidation, post overfeeding spontaneous food intake, or physical activity. Further, no previous study has examined the relationship between these variables and subsequent weight gain. It is hypothesized that those individuals who preferentially oxidize dietary fat, reduce food intake and increase physical activity following overfeeding will maintain a thin phenotype over time. Conversely, those who fail to make these adaptations will tend to gain weight over time. The proposed studies will examine the effects of a controlled eucaloric diet or 3 days of feeding 140% of basal energy on 1. The oxidation of 2 dietary fat tracers 2. Hunger, satiety, desire to eat and spontaneous food intake 3. Directly measured levels of physical activity, in a cohort of men and women enriched in individuals likely to maintain a thin phenotype and others selected for a propensity to gain weight. The cohort will then be followed for 3 years to determine the rate of weight gain in each subject. Baseline measures will be correlated with subsequent weight gain in an effort to define which adaptive responses to overfeeding best correlate with longitudinally determined weight gain. By taking a comprehensive approach to examining the responses to overfeeding and future weight changes, the proposed studies should help clarify how homeostatic regulatory mechanisms coordinately respond to a state of short-term positive energy balance.