THE EFFECTS OF SHORT-TERM OVERFEEDING ON INTAKE

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目及 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 拟议研究项目的目标是更好地了解短期过度喂养对易患肥胖的个体的摄入量和喂养行为的影响，与在我们目前摄入过量和活动减少的环境中似乎对肥胖有抵抗力的个体相比。 肥胖症是美国一个严重且日益严重的公共卫生问题。 导致肥胖症日益流行的生物学过程还没有明确的定义，但可能涉及环境因素（过量的食物摄入和减少的体力活动）和遗传“风险”个体的体重调节生物系统之间的错误相互作用。“在我们目前的环境中，遗传上倾向于瘦的人可能比那些倾向于肥胖的人更快、更准确地感知和应对过量的热量摄入。 与肥胖倾向个体相比，肥胖抵抗个体将更有效地感受到与3天过度喂养相关的正能量平衡，如通过更高的饱腹感评级、更低的饥饿和进食欲望评级以及过度喂养后减少的自发食物摄入所表现的。 假设肥胖抵抗个体将通过比肥胖倾向个体更有效地感知过量卡路里来响应3天的过度喂养，如通过过度喂养后更高的饱腹感评级、更低的饥饿和进食欲望评级以及减少的自发食物摄入所表现的。 最终的结果是，这些机制将保护精益个人过度增重。 为了验证这些想法，建议对控制饮食和3天过度喂养（每天摄入50%过量热量）后的肥胖抵抗和肥胖倾向个体进行摄入研究。 具体而言，将进行关于过度喂养对自由能量摄入以及饥饿感和饱腹感测量的影响的研究。 这些研究将提供深入了解的生物学倾向于体重增加和恢复，并将奠定基础，为未来的研究存在的异常肥胖和肥胖前期的个人。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The goal of the proposed research project is to gain a better understanding of the effects of short-term overfeeding on intake and feeding behavior in individuals who are prone to obesity as compared to individuals who appear to be resistant to obesity in our current environment of excessive intake and reduced activity. Obesity is a serious and growing public health problem in the United States. The biological processes that underlie this increasing prevalence of obesity have not been clearly defined but likely involve faulty interactions between environmental factors (excess food intake and reduced physical activity) and biological systems of weight regulation in individuals who are genetically "at risk." Individuals who are genetically predisposed to being lean in our current environment may be able to sense and respond to excess caloric intake more rapidly and accurately than those predisposed to obesity. As compared to obese prone individuals, obese resistant individuals will sense the positive energy balance associated with 3 days of overfeeding more effectively as manifested by higher ratings of satiety, lower ratings of hunger and desire to eat and reduced spontaneous food intake following overfeeding. It is hypothesized that obese resistant individuals will respond to 3 days of overfeeding by sensing the excess calories more effectively than obese prone individuals, as manifested by higher ratings of satiety, lower ratings of hunger and desire to eat and reduced spontaneous food intake following overfeeding. The end result is that these mechanisms will protect lean individuals from excessive weight gain. To test these ideas, intake studies on obese resistant and obese prone individuals after a control diet and after a 3-day period of overfeeding (50% excess caloric intake per day) are proposed. Specifically, studies on the effects of overfeeding on the ad-libitum energy intake and measures of hunger and satiety will be performed. These studies will provide insight into the biology that predisposes to weight gain and regain and will lay the groundwork for future studies of the abnormalities that exist in obese and pre-obese individuals.