Molecular pathogenesis of amino acid neurotransmission in human chronic alcoholism

人类慢性酒精中毒氨基酸神经传递的分子发病机制

• 批准号: nhmrc : 252848
• 负责人: A/Pr Peter Dodd
• 金额: $ 25.26万
• 依托单位国家: 澳大利亚
• 项目类别: NHMRC Project Grants
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 澳大利亚
• 起止时间: 2003-01-01 至 2005-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://researchdata.edu.au/molecular-pathogenesis-amino-chronic-alcoholism/96924
• 关键词: Molecular; pathogenesis; amino; acid; neurotransmission

Brain damage resulting from long-term alcohol abuse is localized to discrete regions of the brain, and may selectively affect certain specific functions of nerve cells. It appears that alcoholism affects processes which control the excitability in discrete regions of the brain, and hence can cause them to be over-stimulated. It is known that if brain cells are excessively stimulated for long periods, they are in danger of being killed. This study will determine how the tissue s capacity to process glutamate, the brain s major natural excitant, is altered in the regions which are selectively damaged in alcoholics. How these processes are affected by heredity, and by diseases commonly associated with alcoholism such as cirrhosis of the liver, will also be explored. An understanding of how selective brain damage occurs in alcoholics will help us to devise new drug therapies to combat and prevent it. As well, selective brain damage is found in a great many neurological diseases, so this study will provide a model which may help to dene general processes which give rise to localised neurological damage

长期酒精滥用导致的脑损伤局限于大脑的离散区域，并可能选择性地影响神经细胞的某些特定功能。酒精似乎影响了控制大脑离散区域兴奋性的过程，因此可能导致它们过度刺激。众所周知，如果脑细胞长时间受到过度刺激，就有被杀死的危险。这项研究将确定，在酗酒者选择性受损的区域，组织处理谷氨酸的能力是如何改变的。谷氨酸是大脑中主要的天然兴奋物质。这些过程如何受到遗传和通常与酒精中毒相关的疾病（如肝硬化）的影响，也将被探讨。了解选择性脑损伤是如何在酗酒者中发生的，将有助于我们设计出新的药物疗法来对抗和预防它。此外，选择性脑损伤在许多神经系统疾病中都有发现，因此这项研究将提供一个模型，可能有助于确定引起局部神经损伤的一般过程