Psychopharmacology of plants and their metabolites used as marijuana substitutes

用作大麻替代品的植物及其代谢物的精神药理学

• 批准号: 8279212
• 负责人: JORDAN K ZJAWIONY
• 金额: $ 7.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-06-15 至 2015-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8279212
• 关键词: Address; Adverse effects; Advertising; Affinity; Area; Biocompatible Materials; Biological; Biological Assay; Cannabis; Chemistry; Country; Data; Disease; Evaluation; Federal Government; Fractionation; Funding; Future; Genus Mentha; Goals; Hallucinogens; Health; Human; Human body; Internet; Knowledge; Laws; Ligands; Marijuana; Marketing; National Institute of Mental Health; Nervous System Physiology; Neuraxis; Neurotransmitter Receptor; North Carolina; Pharmacology; Plants; Preclinical Drug Evaluation; Process; Psychopharmacology; Psychotropic Drugs; Research; Sales; Salvia; Schedule; Site; Source; Street Drugs; Structure; System; Toxic effect; United States; Universities; Youth; base; body system; drug of abuse; programs; receptor; salvinorin A; sublimation; vaporization

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In recent years, new psychoactive plants have been emerging on the streets. An example is the strong hallucinogenic mint Salvia divinorum and its active metabolite salvinorin A. The use of this hallucinogen, unregulated by Federal and most State laws, is spreading across the country and globe. Since 1970 when the Controlled Substances Act was enacted into law by Federal Government and cannabis (marijuana) was placed in the Schedule I, a number of marijuana substitutes or alternatives started to appear on the market. These plants are easily obtained on numerous internet sites and have a high potential of becoming street drugs in the near future. Despite their ready availability, the psychopharmacology of these plants and their metabolites is largely unknown. In most cases, neither the active constituents of these plants nor the mechanisms of their interactions with the central nervous system have been determined. The purpose of this project is the study of the chemistry and pharmacology of psychoactive plants used as marijuana substitutes. For this project, we have selected five marijuana-substitute plant species with prominent internet sales offers. We propose to biologically evaluate these plants against the battery of CNS receptors under the NIMH Psychoactive Drug Screening Program at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and isolate the active secondary metabolites responsible for their psychotropic effects. In the long-term, new ligands to CNS receptors discovered and developed in this project will contribute to better knowledge of the central nervous system functions and its disorders. To achieve these goals, the following specific aims will be pursued: 1. Acquisition of selected plant species from popular internet sources and professional entities. 2. Identification of active metabolites by vaporization/sublimation process 3. Selective extraction of biological material. 4. Biological evaluation of extracts for affinity to CNS neurotransmitters receptors. 5. Bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation of active secondary metabolites. 6. Structure elucidation of isolated metabolites and their biological re-evaluation in the specific receptor systems. The data generated by this project will form a basis for further research and provide preliminary results for seeking more extensive funding.

描述（由申请人提供）：近年来，新型精神活性植物不断出现在街头。一个例子是强致幻性薄荷鼠尾草及其活性代谢物萨尔维诺林 A。这种致幻剂的使用不受联邦和大多数州法律的监管，正在全国和全球蔓延。自 1970 年联邦政府颁布《管制物质法》并将大麻列入附表 I 以来，市场上开始出现一些大麻替代品或替代品。 这些植物很容易在许多互联网网站上获得，并且在不久的将来很有可能成为街头毒品。尽管它们很容易获得，但这些植物及其代谢物的精神药理学在很大程度上还是未知的。在大多数情况下，这些植物的活性成分及其与中枢神经系统相互作用的机制都尚未确定。 该项目的目的是研究用作大麻替代品的精神活性植物的化学和药理学。对于这个项目，我们选择了五种具有突出网络销售优惠的大麻替代植物品种。我们建议根据北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校的 NIMH 精神活性药物筛选计划，对这些植物针对 CNS 受体电池进行生物学评估，并分离出导致其精神治疗作用的活性次级代谢产物。从长远来看，该项目中发现和开发的中枢神经系统受体的新配体将有助于更好地了解中枢神经系统功能及其疾病。为了实现这些目标，将追求以下具体目标： 1. 从流行的互联网来源和专业实体获取选定的植物物种。 2. 通过汽化/升华过程鉴定活性代谢物 3. 生物材料的选择性提取。 4. 提取物对 CNS 神经递质受体亲和力的生物学评价。 5. 生物测定引导的活性次生代谢物的分级分离和分离。 6. 分离代谢物的结构解析及其在特定受体系统中的生物学重新评估。该项目产生的数据将为进一步研究奠定基础，并为寻求更广泛的资金提供初步结果。