The effects of polyparasitism on vaccine response

多寄生对疫苗反应的影响

• 批准号: 7852321
• 负责人: Angelle Desiree LaBeaud
• 金额: $ 8.84万
• 依托单位: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7852321
• 关键词: Affect; Area; Attenuated Vaccines; Child; Childhood; Chronic; Cold Chains; Collaborations; Commit; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Complex; Data; Developing Countries; Diphtheria; Disease; Effectiveness; Equilibrium; Evaluation; Exposure to; Falciparum Malaria; Fetus; Filariasis; Future; Goals; Grant; Haemophilus influenzae; Haemophilus influenzae type b bacteria; Health; Helminths; Immune; Immune response; Immunity; Individual; Infant; Infection; Intestines; Kenya; Life; Malaria; Measures; Mediating; Mothers; Organism; Parasites; Parasitic infection; Parents; Perinatal Exposure; Phenotype; Pilot Projects; Placenta; Play; Poliomyelitis; Pregnant Women; Program Effectiveness; Prospective Studies; Recruitment Activity; Research Infrastructure; Resources; Role; Schistosomiasis; Structure; T cell response; Testing; Universities; Vaccination; Vaccines; Vector-transmitted infectious disease; Woman; cohort; cost; fetal; improved; infancy; novel strategies; offspring; postnatal; pregnant; prenatal; prevent; programs; prospective; response; standard care; vaccination strategy; vaccine effectiveness; vaccine efficacy

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Extensive resources are being committed to improve global childhood vaccination coverage, but the response to standard vaccination is often diminished in children from developing nations. The ineffectiveness of vaccination programs in developing communities has been blamed on cold chain lapses and lack of supportable infrastructure, but chronic infections also play a significant role. Multiple maternal parasitic infections affect the unborn infant and are potentially important vaccine response modifiers, but have not been well studied. Increasing evidence suggests that chronic parasitic infections in pregnant women, such as schistosomiasis, filariasis, intestinal helminths, and malaria, can suppress fetal and infant immune responses to subsequent infections and vaccinations. The mechanisms of parasite effects on immune responses are not well understood, although the lack of appropriate vaccine response in infants of parasite-infected mothers appears to be due to dysregulation of maternal immunity, with resultant impaired fetal immunity. The central hypothesis to be tested is that treatment of maternal and infant parasitic infections will enhance infant responses to vaccination. We propose a prospective study of pregnant Kenyan woman and their offspring to evaluate the effects of parasitic infections and prompt anti-parasitic treatment on infant vaccine responses to polio, Haemophilus influenzae, and diphtheria. We propose the following specific aims: 1) to determine the individual and combined influence of maternal parasitic infections on infant vaccine responses, and 2) to measure the impact of maternal and infant anti-parasitic treatment on infant vaccine responses. The long term goals of this project are to determine the value of specific antenatal and postnatal parasitic treatments and to develop novel approaches to optimizing vaccine program effectiveness.

描述（由申请人提供）：正在投入大量资源以提高全球儿童疫苗接种覆盖率，但发展中国家儿童对标准疫苗接种的反应往往减弱。发展中社区疫苗接种计划的无效性被归咎于冷链失误和缺乏可支持的基础设施，但慢性感染也起着重要作用。多个母体寄生虫感染影响未出生的婴儿，是潜在的重要疫苗反应调节剂，但尚未得到充分研究。越来越多的证据表明，孕妇的慢性寄生虫感染，如血吸虫病、丝虫病、肠道蠕虫和疟疾，可以抑制胎儿和婴儿对随后感染和接种疫苗的免疫反应。寄生虫对免疫反应的影响机制还不清楚，尽管寄生虫感染母亲的婴儿缺乏适当的疫苗反应似乎是由于母体免疫功能失调，导致胎儿免疫功能受损。待检验的中心假设是，母婴寄生虫感染的治疗将增强婴儿对疫苗接种的反应。我们提出了一项前瞻性研究，肯尼亚孕妇和他们的后代，以评估寄生虫感染的影响，并及时抗寄生虫治疗的婴儿疫苗脊髓灰质炎，流感嗜血杆菌和白喉的反应。我们提出了以下具体目标：1）确定母体寄生虫感染对婴儿疫苗应答的个体和联合影响，2）测量母体和婴儿抗寄生虫治疗对婴儿疫苗应答的影响。该项目的长期目标是确定特定的产前和产后寄生虫治疗的价值，并开发新的方法来优化疫苗计划的有效性。