Changes in Teen Fertility Before and After Roe v Wade

罗伊诉韦德案前后青少年生育力的变化

• 批准号: 7875121
• 负责人: THEODORE J JOYCE
• 金额: $ 8.22万
• 依托单位: BERNARD M. BARUCH COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-01 至 2012-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7875121
• 关键词: Abortion Rates; Accounting; Adult; Affect; Age; Birth Rate; Canada; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Contraceptive Agents; Contraceptive methods; Data; Divorce; Failure; Fertility Rates; Florida; France; Gestational Age; Health Services Accessibility; Induced Abortion; Label; Laws; Legal; Legal Abortion; Maps; Measures; Natural experiment; New York; New York City; Occupations; Oral Contraceptives; Personal Satisfaction; Policies; Pregnancy; Provider; Race; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research Personnel; Second Pregnancy Trimester; Series; Services; Sweden; Teenagers; Travel; Unmarried; Unwanted pregnancy; Variant; Woman; Work; abortion; base; child bearing; cohort; experience; novel; pill; public health relevance; reproductive; residence; surveillance data; teen birth; teenage fertility

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary objective of the proposed study is to estimate the separate effect of legal access to induced abortion and the birth control pill on teen fertility in the early 1970s. The study is novel because we have obtained never-before-used data on induced abortions performed in New York State by age, race, gestational age and state of residence from 1971 to 1975. To appreciate the significance of these data and the importance of early legalization of abortion in New York on teen fertility, we use Florida as an example and show in the application that there were 10.5 abortions per 1000 teen residents of Florida obtained in New York in 1971. In absolute numbers, 3,198 teens from Florida traveled approximately 1200 miles to terminate an unwanted pregnancy in 1971. To understand the magnitude of Florida's teen abortion rate in 1971-a state and year in which abortion was illegal-we note that in 2002 the teen abortion rate in the entire U.S. was 21.7. The study makes two contributions with these data. The first provides new estimates of the determinants of teen birth and abortion rates in the early 1970s, a period of dramatic change in reproductive laws and policies. We will use the natural experiment afforded by the legalization of abortion in 1970 in a few states and then national legalization in 1973 to estimate the effect of access to abortion services on teen abortion and births rates controlling for access to the pill. A second contribution concerns the recent and growing body of work that can be loosely labeled the "power of the pill." The idea is that access to the pill among unmarried teens in the late 1960s and early 1970s had a substantial effect on teen fertility. Women from the affected cohorts achieved greater educational attainment, increased representation in professional occupations, and experienced fewer divorces than cohorts that were unexposed. However, researchers of these studies did not effectively account for the availability of legal abortion on teen fertility in the years prior to Roe and as a result, likely overestimated the impact of the pill on teen fertility. In this study we will combine induced terminations in New York to non-residents of the state with abortion surveillance data from 1970-1975 from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention to estimate resident teen abortion rates by state from 1970 to 1975. We will use distance to the nearest legal abortion provider before and after Roe to assess the importance of access on teen abortion rates adjusted for access to the pill. We will use these data in regressions of teen fertility rates over the same period to estimate the relative contribution of access to abortion and the pill to teen fertility.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的主要目的是评估20世纪70年代初法律的人工流产和避孕药对青少年生育率的单独影响。这项研究是新颖的，因为我们获得了1971年至1975年按年龄、种族、胎龄和居住州分列的纽约州实施的人工流产的数据，这些数据以前从未使用过。为了理解这些数据的重要性以及纽约早期堕胎合法化对青少年生育率的重要性，我们以佛罗里达州为例，并在申请中显示，1971年在纽约获得的佛罗里达州每1000名青少年居民中有10.5例堕胎。从绝对数字来看，1971年，来自佛罗里达的3,198名青少年旅行了大约1200英里来终止意外怀孕。为了了解1971年佛罗里达的青少年堕胎率的大小-堕胎是非法的一个州和一年-我们注意到，在2002年，整个美国的青少年堕胎率为21.7。 这项研究对这些数据做出了两个贡献。第一份报告对1970年代初青少年生育率和堕胎率的决定因素作了新的估计，这是生育法律和政策发生巨大变化的时期。我们将使用1970年堕胎合法化在一些州和1973年全国合法化所提供的自然实验来估计获得堕胎服务对青少年堕胎和控制避孕药获得的出生率的影响。第二个贡献是关于最近和不断增长的工作，可以松散地贴上“药丸的力量”的标签。“这个想法是，在20世纪60年代末和70年代初，未婚青少年获得避孕药对青少年生育率产生了重大影响。与未受影响的队列相比，受影响队列的妇女获得了更高的教育程度，在专业职业中的代表性增加，离婚率降低。然而，这些研究的研究人员并没有有效地解释在罗伊之前的几年里法律的堕胎对青少年生育能力的影响，因此，可能高估了避孕药对青少年生育能力的影响。 在这项研究中，我们将结合联合收割机诱导终止在纽约非居民的状态与堕胎监测数据从1970年至1975年从疾病控制和预防中心估计居民青少年堕胎率的国家从1970年至1975年。我们将使用距离最近的法律的堕胎提供者之前和之后罗伊评估访问的重要性对青少年堕胎率调整获得避孕药。我们将使用这些数据对同一时期的青少年生育率进行回归，以估计堕胎和避孕药对青少年生育率的相对贡献。