VALIDATION OF MRI IMAGES OF THE TONGUE TO STUDY DYSPHAGIA

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 目的：利用非人灵长类动物模型研究人类吞咽，以改进吞咽困难(吞咽问题)的治疗。 在美国，大约有1800万成年人和数以百万计的儿童有吞咽问题。这可能是由于舌头的变化，肌肉更弱，肌肉更少。我们正在使用非人类灵长类动物模型来更仔细地研究灵长类动物的解剖学，以探索治疗吞咽困难的新途径。我们正在验证我们在人类和猴子身上进行的核磁共振工作。 对正常和紊乱吞咽的神经生理学的未知激发了令人兴奋和重要的研究问题。此前，这些问题都是通过临床和动物研究来回答的。然而，最近的技术进步已经将脑成像技术，如功能磁共振成像(FMRI)推向了吞咽神经生理学研究的前沿。本文对功能磁共振成像在健康成人吞咽神经生理学研究中的方法和结果进行了系统的综述。对原始研究进行了全面的电子和手工搜索，包括很少的搜索限制，以产生尽可能多的相关研究。对参与者、研究设计、任务和脑图像采集进行了回顾，结果表明，在相关研究中，健康成年参与者的主要运动和感觉区域最活跃。其他常见的激活区域包括前扣带回皮质和岛叶皮质。 这项研究使用了WNPRC动物服务中心。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Objective: To study swallowing in humans, using a nonhuman primate model, to improve treatments of dysphagia (swallowing problems). About 18 million adults and many more millions of children have swallowing problems in the U.S. This may be due to changes in the tongue, weaker muscles and fewer muscles. We are using a nonhuman primate model to more closely study primate anatomy to explore new avenues to treating dysphagia. We are validating the MRI work we are conducting in humans and monkeys. Unknowns about the neurophysiology of normal and disordered swallowing have stimulated exciting and important research questions. Previously, these questions were answered using clinical and animal studies. However, recent technologic advances have moved brain-imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to the forefront of swallowing neurophysiology research. This systematic review has summarized the methods and results of studies of swallowing neurophysiology of healthy adults using fMRI. A comprehensive electronic and hand search for original research was conducted, including few search limitations to yield the maximum possible number of relevant studies. The participants, study design, tasks, and brain image acquisition were reviewed and the results indicate that the primary motor and sensory areas were most consistently active in the healthy adult participants across the relevant studies. Other prevalent areas of activation included the anterior cingulate cortex and insular cortex. This research uses WNPRC Animal Services.