Large Scale Natural Experiment of Community Economic Development: Effects on Vio

社区经济发展的大规模自然实验：对Vio的影响

• 批准号: 8142017
• 负责人: ANTHONY FABIO
• 金额: $ 4.6万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8142017
• 关键词: Large; Scale; Natural; Experiment; Community

Description (Provided by Applicant): In response to the RFA, we propose to assess the efficacy of two interventions designed to change the economic and environmental characteristics of the community on reducing community youth violence rates. In many cases, the time, funding and infrastructure to implement large scale economic interventions and assess their efficacy is prohibitive. However, in Pittsburgh Pennsylvania we currently have the opportunity and advantage to assess the effects of two large scale natural experiments in two historically disadvantaged minority neighborhoods in Pittsburgh. The first neighborhood, the Hill District, will undergo development for a new sports and entertainment arena scheduled to open in 2010. This development will include a Community Benefits Agreement (CBA) designed to assure that economics benefits go to residents of the Hill District. In the second neighborhood, the North Side, gambling has been legalized, a casino is being built, and the casino is scheduled to open May 2009. Through previous work collaborations we have access to crime, hospital, socioeconomic and mental health services data before and after the implementation of these developments. This will allow us to carry out the proposed study at a relatively small cost. Outcomes from this research will provide empirical evidence on whether large scale economic developments have the potential to alter rates and patterns of community level violence and whether the types of economic development and the presence of a CBA have differing effects. This project will bring together researchers with expertise in epidemiology, demography and social science from research centers which focus on violence (University of Pittsburgh Center for Injury Research and Control (CIRCL)), public policy and demography (University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health (GSPH)), and data surveillance (The University, Community, Leaders, and Individuals with Disabilities (UCLID) Center and CIRCL) as well as experts experienced in statistical techniques for implementing quasi-experimental designs in naturally occurring interventions. In response to the RFA, we propose to assess the efficacy of two interventions designed to change the economic and environmental characteristics of the community on reducing community youth violence rates. Outcomes from this research will provide empirical evidence on whether large scale economic developments have the potential to alter rates and patterns of community level violence and whether the types of economic development and the presence of a Community Benefits Agreement (CBA) have differing effects.

描述（由申请人提供）：为了响应RFA，我们建议评估两项旨在改变社区经济和环境特征的干预措施对降低社区青年暴力率的有效性。在许多情况下，实施大规模经济干预措施和评估其效力的时间、资金和基础设施都令人望而却步。然而，在宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡，我们目前有机会和优势，以评估在匹兹堡的两个历史上处于不利地位的少数民族社区的两个大规模自然实验的影响。第一个社区，希尔区，将经历一个新的体育和娱乐竞技场定于2010年开放的发展。这一发展将包括一项社区福利协议，旨在确保山区居民获得经济福利。在第二个社区，北区，赌博已经合法化，一个赌场正在建设中，赌场定于2009年5月开业。通过以前的工作合作，我们有机会获得犯罪，医院，社会经济和心理健康服务数据之前和之后实施这些发展。这将使我们能够以相对较少的费用进行拟议的研究。这项研究的结果将提供经验证据，说明大规模的经济发展是否有可能改变社区一级暴力的发生率和模式，以及经济发展的类型和社区援助的存在是否有不同的影响。该项目将汇集来自侧重于暴力问题的研究中心的具有流行病学、人口学和社会科学专门知识的研究人员（匹兹堡大学伤害研究和控制中心（CIRCL）），公共政策和人口统计学（匹兹堡大学公共卫生研究生院（GSPH））和数据监测（大学，社区，领导者和残疾人（UCLID）中心和CIRCL）以及在自然发生的干预措施中实施准实验设计的统计技术方面经验丰富的专家。针对RFA，我们建议评估两项旨在改变社区经济和环境特征的干预措施对降低社区青年暴力率的有效性。这项研究的结果将提供经验证据，说明大规模经济发展是否有可能改变社区一级暴力的发生率和模式，以及经济发展的类型和社区福利协议的存在是否有不同的影响。